Expansin and XET Genes Are Differentially Expressed During Aril Breakdown in Harvested Longan Fruit

Zhong, Yu-xiong; Chen, Jian-Ye; Hu, Feng; Kuang, Jian-fei; Xiao, Ruo; Ou, Min; Xie, Hui; Lu, Wei; Jiang, Yueming; Lin, Hetong

doi:10.21273/jashs.133.3.462

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Alpha-expansin ( EXP ; MDP0000785413, MDP0000259640) also showed high expression in the affected outer cortex. An increased expression of both XET s and EXP s has been implicated in aril breakdown of longan ( Dimocarpus longan ) fruit stored at low temperature [ 43 ]. Two cell wall pectin esterases, an auxin-repressed pectin-lyase (MDP0000171438) and a pectinacetylesterase (MDP0000162976) were induced in the affected outer cortex.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic events associated with internal browning of apple during postharvest storage

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPostharvest ripening of apple (Malus x domestica) can be slowed down by low temperatures, and a combination of low O2 and high CO2 levels. While this maintains the quality of most fruit, occasionally storage disorders such as flesh browning can occur. This study aimed to explore changes in the apple transcriptome associated with a flesh browning disorder related to controlled atmosphere storage using RNA-sequencing techniques. Samples from a browning-susceptible cultivar (‘Braeburn’) were stored for four months under controlled atmosphere. Based on a visual browning index, the inner and outer cortex of the stored apples was classified as healthy or affected tissue.ResultsOver 600 million short single-end reads were mapped onto the Malus consensus coding sequence set, and differences in the expression profiles between healthy and affected tissues were assessed to identify candidate genes associated with internal browning in a tissue-specific manner. Genes involved in lipid metabolism, secondary metabolism, and cell wall modifications were highly modified in the affected inner cortex, while energy-related and stress-related genes were mostly altered in the outer cortex. The expression levels of several of them were confirmed using qRT-PCR. Additionally, a set of novel browning-specific differentially expressed genes, including pyruvate dehydrogenase and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase, was validated in apples stored for various periods at different controlled atmosphere conditions, giving rise to potential biomarkers associated with high risk of browning development.ConclusionsThe gene expression data presented in this study will help elucidate the molecular mechanism of browning development in apples at controlled atmosphere storage. A conceptual model, including energy-related (linked to the tricarboxylic acid cycle and the electron transport chain) and lipid-related genes (related to membrane alterations, and fatty acid oxidation), for browning development in apple is proposed, which may be relevant for future studies towards improving the postharvest life of apple.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12870-014-0328-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic events associated with internal browning of apple during postharvest storage

et al. 2014

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“…The amount of reducing sugars was determined by using dinitrosalicylic acid reagent [17]. The absorbance at 540 nm was measured and compared to a standard curve of glucose to determine the concentration of reducing sugars.…”

Section: Enzymatic Hydrolysis Activity Assay Of Cellulosementioning

confidence: 99%

High-Level Expression and Efficient Purification of Bioactive Swollenin in Aspergillus oryzae

Wang

Cai

Huang

et al. 2010

Appl Biochem Biotechnol

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The bioactivity of swollenin is beneficial to cellulose decomposition by cellulase despite the lack of hydrolytic activity itself. In order to improve the productivity of swollenin, the effects of culture conditions on the expression level in recombinant Aspergillus oryzae were investigated systematically. With regard to the bioactivity of swollenin, glycerin and peanut meal were the optimal carbon or nitrogen source, respectively. The highest level production of swollenin (50 mg L(-1)) was attained after 88 h cultivation with the initial pH of 5.6 in the culture medium. Then the soluble swollenin was effectively purified from the cultural supernatant by ammonium sulfate precipitation and cationic exchange chromatography with recovery yield of 53.2%. The purified swollenin was fully bioactive due to its strong synergistic activity with cellulose.

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“…XTHs were previously thought to be responsible for fruit softening and textural changes during storage by breaking down the cellulose-xyloglucan matrix and loosening the cell wall, as has been described in fruits, such as apple (Munoz-Bertomeu et al, 2013 ), longan (Feng et al, 2008 ; Zhong et al, 2008 ), grape berry (Ishimaru and Kobayashi, 2002 ), lychee (Lu et al, 2006 ), and tomatoes (Saladie et al, 2006 ; Miedes and Lorences, 2009 ). However, some authors reported that XET activity could be associated with the maintenance of structural integrity of the cell wall rather than for dismantling it (Hiwasa et al, 2004 ; Fonseca et al, 2005 ; Nishiyama et al, 2007 ; Miedes et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Isolation and Characterization of Two Persimmon Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylase/Hydrolase (XTH) Genes That Have Divergent Functions in Cell Wall Modification and Fruit Postharvest Softening

et al. 2016

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Fruit cell wall modification is the primary factor affecting fruit softening. Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH), a cell wall-modifying enzyme, is involved in fruit softening. In this study, two novel XTH genes (DkXTH6 and DkXTH7) were identified from persimmon fruit. Transcriptional profiles of both of the two genes were analyzed in different tissues of persimmon, and in response to multiple hormonal and environmental treatments [gibberellic acid (GA3), abscisic acid (ABA), propylene, and low temperature]. Expression of DkXTH6 was positively up-regulated during ethylene production and by propylene and ABA treatments, and suppressed by GA3 and cold treatment. In contrast, DkXTH7 exhibited its highest transcript levels in GA3-treated fruit and cold-treated fruit, which had higher fruit firmness. We found that DkXTH6 protein was localized in cell wall by its signal peptide, while cytoplasmic DkXTH7 protein contained no signal peptide. When expressed in vitro, the recombinant proteins of both DkXTH6 and DkXTH7 exhibited strict xyloglucan endotransglycosylase (XET) activity but no xyloglucan endohydrolase (XEH) activity. The recombinant protein of DkXTH6 showed a higher affinity with small acceptor molecules than the recombinant DkXTH7. Taken together with their opposing expression patterns and subcellular localizations, these results suggested that DkXTH6 might take part in cell wall restructuring and DkXTH7 was likely to be involved in cell wall assembly, indicating their special roles in persimmon fruit softening.

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Expansin and XET Genes Are Differentially Expressed During Aril Breakdown in Harvested Longan Fruit

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Transcriptomic events associated with internal browning of apple during postharvest storage

Transcriptomic events associated with internal browning of apple during postharvest storage

High-Level Expression and Efficient Purification of Bioactive Swollenin in Aspergillus oryzae

Isolation and Characterization of Two Persimmon Xyloglucan Endotransglycosylase/Hydrolase (XTH) Genes That Have Divergent Functions in Cell Wall Modification and Fruit Postharvest Softening

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