Expanding the validity of a measure of reported parental rearing practices with psychiatric inpatients: Further Dutch experiences with the EMBU

Arrindell, Willem A.; Methorst, Gerda; Kwee, Maurits; Ende, Jan van der; Pol, Estíbaliz Villardefrancos; Moritz, Bettina

doi:10.1016/0191-8869(89)90030-5

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The third rotated component explained 24.31 % of the total variance and had very high loadings ( > 0.90) on the dimensions of Favouring Subject. This second-order dimension too agreed perfectly with previous factor analytic data derived from adult samples (Arrindell et al 1983(Arrindell et al , 1989. The factor analytic findings as yielded with the Spanish children are summarized in Table 3.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

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Exploring the Feasibility of Assessing Perceived Parental Rearing Styles in Spanish Children With Theembu

Castro

Toro

Ende³

et al. 1993

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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106

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Most of the available data on the dimensional structure underlying the EMBU--an originally Swedish measure designed to assess one's recollections concerning one's parents' rearing behaviour--has been obtained with adults or adolescents. In the present study, using exploratory factor analysis, an attempt was made to determine the EMBU factorial structure in a Spanish sample of children aged 7-12 years (N = 205). Four factors explaining only 24% and 25% of the total variance in the ratings of the fathers and those of the mothers, respectively, and being invariant across parental sex, were interpreted: Emotional Warmth, Rejection, Control Attempts, and Favouring Subject. Results with respect to the internal consistency reliability of the corresponding scales were satisfactory, as were homogeneity figures pertaining to each set of theoretically-related items. Higher-order analyses of the first-order dimensions (mothers and fathers jointly) revealed three factors explaining 85% of the total variance. Control Attempts, Care (Rejection vs. Emotional Warmth), and Favouring Subject. The factorially-derived (first-order) scales were uncorrelated with sex of the recipient. All scales (except Rejection) correlated sizeably, negatively, with age (medium effect size) pointing, as outlined, to the need to take into account the relevant normative, design and research implications in further investigation. Some similarities and differences with findings yielded previously with adults and adolescents are briefly pinpointed.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Percentages as high as around 40% have been reported for adult samples for four theoretically-related factors (cf. Arrindell et al 1983Arrindell et al , 1989.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Feasibility of Assessing Perceived Parental Rearing Styles in Spanish Children With Theembu

Castro

Toro

Ende³

et al. 1993

Int J Soc Psychiatry

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106

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“…In cases where an item loaded at least highly on more than one factor, the pattern was for (1) a rejection item to load negatively on the Emotional Warmth factor and more strongly and positively on its theoretically-related Rejection factor (e.g., Item 1 in the ratings of the fathers and the mothers in the Australian sample) or, conversely, (2) for an emotional warmth item to load negatively on the Rejection factor and more strongly and positively on its theoretically-related Emotional Warmth factor (e.g., Items 2 and 23 in the ratings of both fathers and mothers, again, in the Australian sample). This was not deemed problematic in view of the consistently negative and sizeable correlations of medium to large ESs that have been observed between Rejection and Emotional Warmth with both the 81-item EMBU (e.g., Arrindell et al, 1989Arrindell et al, , 1994Arrindell et al, , 1998 and the s-EMBU (Arrindell & Engebretsen, 2000).…”

Section: Factorial Invariance Of the S-embu Measuring Constructsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Short-EMBU in Australia, Spain, and Venezuela

Arrindell

Akkerman

Bagés

et al. 2005

European Journal of Psychological Assessment

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Abstract. The short(s)-EMBU (Swedish acronym for Egna Minnen Beträffande Uppfostran [My memories of upbringing]) consists of 23 items, is based on the early 81-item EMBU, and was developed out of the necessity of having a brief measure of perceived parental rearing practices when the clinical and/or research context does not adequately permit application of time-consuming test batteries. The s-EMBU comprises three subscales: Rejection, Emotional Warmth, and (Over)Protection. The factorial and/or construct validity and reliability of the s-EMBU were examined in samples comprising a total of 1950 students from Australia, Spain, and Venezuela. The data were presented for the three national groups separately. Findings confirmed the cross-national validity of the factorial structure underlying the s-EMBU. Rejection by fathers and mothers was consistently associated with high trait-neuroticism and low self-esteem in recipients of both sexes in each nation, as was high parental emotional warmth with high femininity (humility). The findings on factorial validity are in keeping with previous ones obtained in East Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Hungary, Italy, and Sweden. The s-EMBU is again recommended for use in several different countries as a reliable, functional equivalent to the original 81-item EMBU.

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“…The Questionnaire of Recalled Parental Rearing Behavior (Fragebogen zum erinnerten elterlichen Erziehungsverhalten, FEE) (Schumacher, Eisemann, & Brahler, ) is the German short form of the EMBU and contains those 24 (3 × 8) EMBU items with the highest factor load on the respective dimensions. The EMBU scales were shown to have good internal consistency, to be invariant across nations, and to distinguish between psychiatric inpatients and healthy controls (Arrindell, Emmelkamp, Brilman, & Monsma, ; Arrindell et al., , Arrindell et al., ; Arrindell & Van Der Ende, ). The FEE scales were found to have sufficient to good internal consistency and split‐half reliability; the factor structure of the EMBU has been replicated as well (Petrowski et al., ; Schumacher et al., ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Stability of Recalled Parental Rearing Behavior in a Community Sample of Adolescents and Young Adults

Asselmann

Knappe

Wittchen

et al. 2014

J of Research on Adolesc

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This study examined the temporal stability of recalled parental rearing behavior (RPRB) in a community sample of adolescents and young adults (aged 15-19 at first assessment, N=945) over a period of nearly twoyears. RPRB (overprotection/control, rejection/punishment, and emotional warmth, separately for mother and father) was assessed at two assessment waves (time interval: M=21.18months, SD=0.09months) using the Questionnaire of Recalled Parental Rearing Behavior. Intraclass correlations (ICCs) between both assessments were examined. ICCs were similar for maternal and paternal RPRB and slightly higher for emotional warmth (mother: .70; father: .70) than for rejection/punishment (mother: .69; father: .68) and overprotection/control (mother: .66; father: .62). These findings suggest an at least moderate temporal stability of RPRB in adolescents of the community

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Expanding the validity of a measure of reported parental rearing practices with psychiatric inpatients: Further Dutch experiences with the EMBU

Cited by 15 publications

References 17 publications

Exploring the Feasibility of Assessing Perceived Parental Rearing Styles in Spanish Children With Theembu

Exploring the Feasibility of Assessing Perceived Parental Rearing Styles in Spanish Children With Theembu

The Short-EMBU in Australia, Spain, and Venezuela

Stability of Recalled Parental Rearing Behavior in a Community Sample of Adolescents and Young Adults

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