Exotic meets suave: the micro dynamics of homophily in the Cambridge cluster

Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this study is to discuss how ethnicity and gender influence high-tech entrepreneurship in the Cambridge cluster emphasizing homophily and how and why bridging and bonding ties are created in moving individuals from the periphery to cross the threshold into acceptance. Design/methodology/approach The authors present findings on the micro-dynamics of ethnicity and gender in high-tech entrepreneurship underpinned by homophily. The authors discuss how ethnicity and gender influence who enters and stays in high-tech entrepreneurship university spinouts. Through an entrepreneurial narrative qualitative approach, the authors explore how and why bridging and bonding ties may be created and the challenges for those at the periphery to cross the threshold into acceptance. The study adopts an entrepreneurial narrative qualitative approach using interviews with individuals associated with the Cambridge cluster. Findings The authors add to the entrepreneurship literature by responding to the call for multiplexity within homophily, and the research indicates that homophily strongly influences who enters and who leaves the cluster based on bridging and bonding ties. The findings address the need for more focused understanding of entrepreneurial clusters and how mechanisms can be developed to create an environment to nurture both bridging and bonding ties. It is possible for an entrepreneurial cluster to be perceived as attractive and thriving while being homophilous. Ethnic individuals and women continue to struggle to gain acceptance in the Cambridge cluster. Research limitations/implications Interviews were conducted by one person – an ethnic minority female – for continuity of all interviews. Yet as many of the participants were not minorities, it is possible that an interviewer who was not an ethnic minority may have elicited different narratives. Originality/value The study adds to the entrepreneurship literature by focusing on multiplexity within homophily in examining the dynamics of homophily in the context of the Cambridge cluster and the significance of nurturing bridging and bonding ties. The research comments on implications for practice among three interlinked but autonomous groups: first, the individual entrepreneurs; second, the networks she/he belongs to; third, the university as both fertile ground for entrepreneurship and an educational institution where entrepreneurship education is engaged in for encouraging and supporting spinouts.

Gender, STEM women and entrepreneurship: a review and future research directions

“…These findings hold implications for universities seeking to enhance AE generally, and rates of women's AE activity specifically. Moreover, Pio et al. ’s (2022) examination of the experiences of female and/or ethnic minority co-founders of University Spin-outs within the Cambridge cluster, highlights the enduring influence of homophily (Pio et al.…”

“…These findings hold implications for universities seeking to enhance AE generally, and rates of women's AE activity specifically. Moreover, Pio et al's (2022) examination of the experiences of female and/or ethnic minority co-founders of University Spin-outs within the Cambridge cluster, highlights the enduring influence of homophily (Pio et al, 2022) in this context also, which merits consideration in terms of inclusive practices at multiple levels.…”