Exosomes in triple negative breast cancer: Garbage disposals or Trojan horses?

Goh, Chia Yin; Wyse, Cathy; Ho, Matthew; O'Beirne, Ellen; Howard, Jane; Lindsay, Sinéad; Kelly, Pamela; Higgins, Michaela J.; McCann, Amanda

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2019.12.046

Cited by 51 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…Exosomes transfer these cargos to recipient cells and induce their phenotypic changes. Increasing evidence indicates that exosome-mediated cell communication is a newly identified mechanism underlying drug resistance 11,17 . By directly exporting drugs, inducing drug inactivation, and delivering functional proteins and non-coding RNAs, exosomes contribute significantly to BC drug resistance 18,19 .…”

Section: How Do Exosomes Mediate Drug Resistance In Bc?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes and breast cancer drug resistance

et al. 2020

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Drug resistance is a daunting challenge in the treatment of breast cancer (BC). Exosomes, as intercellular communicative vectors in the tumor microenvironment, play an important role in BC progression. With the in-depth understanding of tumor heterogeneity, an emerging role of exosomes in drug resistance has attracted extensive attention. The functional proteins or non-coding RNAs contained in exosomes secreted from tumor and stromal cells mediate drug resistance by regulating drug efflux and metabolism, pro-survival signaling, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, stem-like property, and tumor microenvironmental remodeling. In this review, we summarize the underlying associations between exosomes and drug resistance of BC and discuss the unique biogenesis of exosomes, the change of exosome cargo, and the pattern of release by BC cells in response to drug treatment. Moreover, we propose exosome as a candidate biomarker in predicting and monitoring the therapeutic drug response of BC and as a potential target or carrier to reverse the drug resistance of BC.

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Section: How Do Exosomes Mediate Drug Resistance In Bc?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomes and breast cancer drug resistance

et al. 2020

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“…Nevertheless, mostly and coherently with the aim of this review, exosomes might be a great potential drug delivery system [130,131]. Differently from what we have seen with the other abovementioned delivery systems, which in a few cases turned out to be poor in efficiency and high in immunogenicity and general tolerance [132], the endogenous origin of exosomes gives them a "boost" in terms of low immunogenicity and high specificity [115,133,134]. The intrinsic specificity of cancer-associated exosomes, which, as mentioned before, are the main characters in cancer cell-to-cell communication, make them powerful tools in the cancer-drug delivery system.…”

Section: Evsmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Strong evidence also underlines the EVs' involvement in the angiogenesis in a plethora of tumor types [111,[115][116][117][118]. The angiogenic activity is flanked by a pivotal role in the promotion of cell migration and metastasis in many tumor types [115], and the main mediators of this activity seem to be miR-9, miR-105, miR-142-3p, miR-210, miR-19a and H19 lncRNA [100,[119][120][121][122][123].…”

Section: Evsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Exosomes might be used as possible therapeutic targets in cancer, due to their confirmed role in tumorigenic progression, cancer cell communication and metastasis. In triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), for example, it has been proved that exosomes are involved in both the promotion of drug resistance and in the transferring of phenotypic traits from a progenitor cancer cell to another cell, thusly promoting cancer progression and metastasis [115]. The inhibition of exosome production in TNBC has been deepened through the blocking of ESCRT-independent pathways, or silencing the Rab27, which mediate another exosome-production pathway: in both cases, experimental evidence shows a slowing down of cell proliferation rate and reduction of local growth and metastasis [128,129].…”

Section: Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Extracellular Vesicles-Based Drug Delivery Systems: A New Challenge and the Exemplum of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Burgio

Noori

Gammazza

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Research for the most selective drug delivery to tumors represents a fascinating key target in science. Alongside the artificial delivery systems identified in the last decades (e.g., liposomes), a family of natural extracellular vesicles (EVs) has gained increasing focus for their potential use in delivering anticancer compounds. EVs are released by all cell types to mediate cell-to-cell communication both at the paracrine and the systemic levels, suggesting a role for them as an ideal nano-delivery system. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) stands out among currently untreatable tumors, also due to the difficulties in achieving an early diagnosis. Thus, early diagnosis and treatment of MPM are both unmet clinical needs. This review looks at indirect and direct evidence that EVs may represent both a new tool for allowing an early diagnosis of MPM and a potential new delivery system for more efficient therapeutic strategies. Since MPM is a relatively rare malignant tumor and preclinical MPM models developed to date are very few and not reliable, this review will report data obtained in other tumor types, suggesting the potential use of EVs in mesothelioma patients as well.

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“…More studies are required in the areas of smart NPs, gene therapy, and on the development of immune cell-targeted delivery systems for the treatment of TNBC. We believe that such efforts in a relatively short time will result in the discovery of more effective therapies for TNBC [ 89 ]. The multi-functional nano drug delivery with molecular-targeting capacity in impaired cancer related pathways are likely to yield good results in clinical trials as they have proved effective in in vitro and in vivo studies.…”

Section: Bio-inspired Tumor-homing Nanosystems For Tnbc Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio-Inspired and Smart Nanoparticles for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Microenvironment

et al. 2021

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Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) with poor prognosis and aggressive nature accounts for 10–20% of all invasive breast cancer (BC) cases and is detected in as much as 15% of individuals diagnosed with BC. Currently, due to the absence of the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) receptor, there is no hormone-based therapy for TNBC. In addition, there are still no FDA-approved targeted therapies for patients with TNBC. TNBC treatment is challenging owing to poor prognosis, tumor heterogeneity, chemotherapeutic side effects, the chance of metastasis, and multiple drug-resistance. Therefore, various bio-inspired tumor-homing nano systems responding to intra- and extra- cellular stimuli are an urgent need to treat TNBC patients who do not respond to current chemotherapy. In this review, intensive efforts have been made for exploring cell-membrane coated nanoparticles and immune cell-targeted nanoparticles (immunotherapy) to modulate the tumor microenvironment and deliver accurate amounts of therapeutic agents to TNBC without stimulating the immune system.

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Exosomes in triple negative breast cancer: Garbage disposals or Trojan horses?

Cited by 51 publications

References 84 publications

Exosomes and breast cancer drug resistance

Exosomes and breast cancer drug resistance

Extracellular Vesicles-Based Drug Delivery Systems: A New Challenge and the Exemplum of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma

Bio-Inspired and Smart Nanoparticles for Triple Negative Breast Cancer Microenvironment

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