Exosomes as potential sources of biomarkers in colorectal cancer

Xiao, Yongshun; Zhong, Jianing; Zhong, Baoyuan; Huang, Junyun; Jiang, Lixia; Jiang, Yu; Yuan, Jimin; Sun, Jiandong; Dai, Lingyun; Yang, Chuanbin; Li, Zhijie; Wang, Jigang; Zhong, Tianyu

doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2020.01.033

Cited by 134 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…To differentiate HUVECs into CAFs, exosomes were isolated from three different cancer cells (mouse melanoma, human skin cancer cells and human breast cancer cells); since melanoma is a known cause of metastasis, skin cancer is a common invasive cancer with malignant proliferation, and breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. The size distribution of the isolated exosomes determined through NTA analysis was 30-200 nm, which is consistent with the range reported in the literature [32] ( Figure S1a-c). The morphological shape of the exosomes observed by using TEM was also consistent with the documented geometric structure [33] ( Figure S1d-f).…”

Section: Physiological Interplay Between Cafs and Cancer Cells Promotsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiated by Exosomes Isolated from Cancer Cells Promote Cancer Cell Invasion

Kim

Sohn

Lee

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the cancer microenvironment play an essential role in metastasis. Differentiation of endothelial cells into CAFs is induced by cancer cell-derived exosomes secreted from cancer cells that transfer molecular signals to surrounding cells. Differentiated CAFs facilitate migration of cancer cells to different regions through promoting extracellular matrix (ECM) modifications. However, in vitro models in which endothelial cells exposed to cancer cell-derived exosomes secreted from various cancer cell types differentiate into CAFs or a microenvironmentally controlled model for investigating cancer cell invasion by CAFs have not yet been studied. In this study, we propose a three-dimensional in vitro cancer cell invasion model for real-time monitoring of the process of forming a cancer invasion site through CAFs induced by exosomes isolated from three types of cancer cell lines. The invasiveness of cancer cells with CAFs induced by cancer cell-derived exosomes (eCAFs) was significantly higher than that of CAFs induced by cancer cells (cCAFs) through physiological and genetic manner. In addition, different genetic tendencies of the invasion process were observed in the process of invading cancer cells according to CAFs. Our 3D microfluidic platform helps to identify specific interactions among multiple factors within the cancer microenvironment and provides a model for cancer drug development.

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Section: Physiological Interplay Between Cafs and Cancer Cells Promotsupporting

confidence: 90%

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiated by Exosomes Isolated from Cancer Cells Promote Cancer Cell Invasion

Kim

Sohn

Lee

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Exosomes may impair the formation of neurotoxic oligomers and promote neurodegeneration [68][69][70]. More importantly, exosomes are associated with tumor growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, sensitivity to chemotherapy, and immune evasion [47,71,72].…”

Section: The Biosynthesis and Function Of Extracellular Vesicles And mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exosomal miRNAs in tumor microenvironment

Tan

Xia

et al. 2020

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

120

117

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Tumor microenvironment (TME) is the internal environment in which tumor cells survive, consisting of tumor cells, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells, as well as non-cellular components, such as exosomes and cytokines. Exosomes are tiny extracellular vesicles (40-160nm) containing active substances, such as proteins, lipids and nucleic acids. Exosomes carry biologically active miRNAs to shuttle between tumor cells and TME, thereby affecting tumor development. Tumor-derived exosomal miRNAs induce matrix reprogramming in TME, creating a microenvironment that is conducive to tumor growth, metastasis, immune escape and chemotherapy resistance. In this review, we updated the role of exosomal miRNAs in the process of TME reshaping.

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“…discuss how the malignant transformation of parent cells affects sEV components to promote cancer progression and described sEV as cancer biomarkers. For instance, upregulation of oncogenes can increase the levels of sEV oncoproteins, such as EGFR variant III and HRS (53,54). Additionally, researchers have reported specific collections of sEV proteins associated with different donor cells.…”

Section: Small Extracellular Vesicles Biogenesis Cargo Sorting and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Small Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Avenue for Cancer Management

et al. 2021

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Extracellular vesicles are small membrane particles derived from various cell types. EVs are broadly classified as ectosomes or small extracellular vesicles, depending on their biogenesis and cargoes. Numerous studies have shown that EVs regulate multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes. The roles of small extracellular vesicles in cancer growth and metastasis remain to be fully elucidated. As endogenous products, small extracellular vesicles are an ideal drug delivery platform for anticancer agents. However, several aspects of small extracellular vesicle biology remain unclear, hindering the clinical implementation of small extracellular vesicles as biomarkers or anticancer agents. In this review, we summarize the utility of cancer-related small extracellular vesicles as biomarkers to detect early-stage cancers and predict treatment outcomes. We also review findings from preclinical and clinical studies of small extracellular vesicle-based cancer therapies and summarize interventional clinical trials registered in the United States Food and Drug Administration and the Chinese Clinical Trials Registry. Finally, we discuss the main challenges limiting the clinical implementation of small extracellular vesicles and recommend possible approaches to address these challenges.

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Exosomes as potential sources of biomarkers in colorectal cancer

Cited by 134 publications

References 95 publications

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiated by Exosomes Isolated from Cancer Cells Promote Cancer Cell Invasion

Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiated by Exosomes Isolated from Cancer Cells Promote Cancer Cell Invasion

Exosomal miRNAs in tumor microenvironment

Small Extracellular Vesicles: A Novel Avenue for Cancer Management

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