Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiated by Exosomes Isolated from Cancer Cells Promote Cancer Cell Invasion

Kim, Kimin; Sohn, Yeh Joo; Lee, Ruri; Yoo, Hye Ju; Kang, Ji Yoon; Choi, Nakwon; Na, Dokyun; Yeon, Ju Hun

doi:10.3390/ijms21218153

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Exosomes can be released by CAFs and internalized by cancer cells or the other way around, as cancer cells can release exosomes to change normal fibroblasts (NFs) into CAFs. Cancer-derived exosomes can induce differentiation of endothelial cells to CAFs, of which the exosomes, in turn, can aid in cancer cell invasion [ 72 , 73 ]. Recent research identified CAF-secreted exosomes as playing a critical role in tumor–CAF crosstalk and in cancer cell invasion [ 70 ].…”

Section: Caf–tumor Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis

Asif

Longobardi

Hahne

et al. 2021

Cancers

126

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Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a key role in cancer progression by contributing to extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and remodeling, extensive crosstalk with cancer cells, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, metastasis, and therapy resistance. As metastasis is a main reason for cancer-related deaths, it is crucial to understand the role of CAFs in this process. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease and lethality is especially common in a subtype of CRC with high stromal infiltration. A key component of stroma is cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). To provide new perspectives for research on CAFs and CAF-targeted therapeutics, especially in CRC, we discuss the mechanisms, crosstalk, and functions involved in CAF-mediated cancer invasion, metastasis, and protection. This summary can serve as a framework for future studies elucidating these roles of CAFs.

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Section: Caf–tumor Communicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis

Asif

Longobardi

Hahne

et al. 2021

Cancers

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Exosomes from different types of cancer cells can efficiently induce EndoMT, in which endothelial cells undergo significant changes in phenotype, genotype and behavior. CAFs, in turn, gain the ability to remodel the ECM, to disrupt the vascular barrier and to stimulate the migration and invasion of cancer cells [ 150 ]. Conversely, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have the ability to reverse the EndoMT process via the recovery of CAFs back to endothelial cells [ 151 ].…”

Section: Exosome-mediated Remodeling Of Endothelial Gene Expressiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrin Regulation in Immunological and Cancerous Cells and Exosomes

Soe

Park

Shimaoka

2021

IJMS

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Integrins represent the biologically and medically significant family of cell adhesion molecules that govern a wide range of normal physiology. The activities of integrins in cells are dynamically controlled via activation-dependent conformational changes regulated by the balance of intracellular activators, such as talin and kindlin, and inactivators, such as Shank-associated RH domain interactor (SHARPIN) and integrin cytoplasmic domain-associated protein 1 (ICAP-1). The activities of integrins are alternatively controlled by homotypic lateral association with themselves to induce integrin clustering and/or by heterotypic lateral engagement with tetraspanin and syndecan in the same cells to modulate integrin adhesiveness. It has recently emerged that integrins are expressed not only in cells but also in exosomes, important entities of extracellular vesicles secreted from cells. Exosomal integrins have received considerable attention in recent years, and they are clearly involved in determining the tissue distribution of exosomes, forming premetastatic niches, supporting internalization of exosomes by target cells and mediating exosome-mediated transfer of the membrane proteins and associated kinases to target cells. A growing body of evidence shows that tumor and immune cell exosomes have the ability to alter endothelial characteristics (proliferation, migration) and gene expression, some of these effects being facilitated by vesicle-bound integrins. As endothelial metabolism is now thought to play a key role in tumor angiogenesis, we also discuss how tumor cells and their exosomes pleiotropically modulate endothelial functions in the tumor microenvironment.

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“…There is an enhancement in EMT and migration of cancer cells observed upon delivery of certain EV cargo such as CD81, ROCK2, FLOT1, and FAM129B, Galectin-1, and Sonic Hedgehog [ 34 , 35 , 36 ]. In fact, CAFs activated by cancer-derived EVs were observed to increase the invasive capacity of co-cultured cancer cells more than CAFs that were activated by cancer cells through direct interaction [ 37 ]. In addition, the core components of the planar cell polarity signaling pathway that controls tissue polarity have been shown to be essential for the EV-induced protrusive activity and motility of breast cancer cells [ 32 , 35 ].…”

Section: Fibroblastsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Cellular Communication in Metastasis

Forder¹,

Hsing²,

Trejo³

et al. 2021

Cells

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Communication between cancer cells and the surrounding stromal cells of the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in promoting metastasis, which is the major cause of cancer death. Small membrane-bound particles called extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released from both cancer and stromal cells and have a key role in mediating this communication through transport of cargo such as various RNA species (mRNA, miRNA, lncRNA), proteins, and lipids. Tumor-secreted EVs have been observed to induce a pro-tumorigenic phenotype in non-malignant cells of the stroma, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and local immune cells. These cancer-associated cells then drive metastasis by mechanisms such as increasing the invasiveness of cancer cells, facilitating angiogenesis, and promoting the formation of the pre-metastatic niche. This review will cover the role of EV-mediated signaling in the TME during metastasis and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting these pathways to develop biomarkers and novel treatment strategies.

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Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Differentiated by Exosomes Isolated from Cancer Cells Promote Cancer Cell Invasion

Cited by 18 publications

References 63 publications

The Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis

The Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Cancer Invasion and Metastasis

Integrin Regulation in Immunological and Cancerous Cells and Exosomes

Emerging Role of Extracellular Vesicles and Cellular Communication in Metastasis

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