Exosome Analysis: A Promising Biomarker System with Special Attention to Saliva

Zheng, Xiaowen; Chen, Feng; Zhang, Jieni; Zhang, Qian; J, Lin

doi:10.1007/s00232-014-9717-1

Cited by 33 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Reports from previous studies suggest a range of exosome sizes – between 40 to120 nm depending on the measurement method and the system from which they were isolated (2, 17, 30, 40). Typically vesicles larger than 100-120 nm in size are considered to be exosome-like vesicles or called microparticles (41).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research on exosomes and other secreted membrane vesicles has expanded in the last decade due to their putative role in therapeutics (27), disease pathogenesis (28) and biomarker discovery (29, 30). These vesicles should be precisely characterized biophysically prior to investigating their role as intercellular messengers, biomarkers or therapeutic tools.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physical characterization and profiling of airway epithelial derived exosomes using light scattering

Kesımer

Gupta

2015

Methods

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Exosomes and other extracellular vesicles have been gaining interest during the last decade due to their emerging role in biology and, disease pathogenesis and their biomarker potential. Almost all published research related to exosomes and other extracellular vesicles include some form of physical characterization. Therefore, these vesicles should be precisely profiled and characterized physically before studying their biological role as intercellular messengers, biomarkers or therapeutic tools. Using a combination of light scattering techniques, including dynamic light scattering (DLS) and multi-angle laser light scattering combined with size exclusion separation (SEC-MALLS), we physically characterized and compared distinct extracellular vesicles derived from the apical secretions of two different cultured airway epithelial cells. The results indicated that epithelial cells release vesicles with distinct physical properties and sizes. Human primary tracheobronchial cell culture (HTBE) derived vesicles have a hydrodynamic radius (Rh) of approximately 340 nm while their radius of gyration (Rg) is approximately 200 nm. Electron microscopy analysis, however, revealed that their spherical component is 40-100 nm in size, and they carry filamentous, entangled membrane mucins on their surface that increases their overall radius. The mucin decoration on the surface defines their size and charge as measured using light scattering techniques. Their surface properties mirror the properties of the cells from which they are derived. This may provide a unique tool for researchers to elucidate the unanswered questions in normal airway biology and innate and adaptive defense, including the remodeling of airways during inflammation, tumorigenesis and metastasis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical characterization and profiling of airway epithelial derived exosomes using light scattering

Kesımer

Gupta

2015

Methods

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“…In rodent models of pancreatic cancer, vesicles similar to exosomes can carry and transport tumour-specific biomarkers into the saliva. 36 It was found that KRAS, MBD3L2, ACRV1 and DPM1 levels enabled the differentiation of patients with pancreatitis and healthy individuals. 37 It was also found that hsa-miR-210 and let-7c were overexpressed in the saliva of patients with pancreatitis.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Systematic Diseases By Salivamentioning

confidence: 99%

Saliva in the diagnosis of diseases

et al. 2016

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Saliva is secreted from the salivary glands and has multiple functions, including mouth cleaning and protection, antibacterial effects and digestion. With the rapid advancement in salivaomics, saliva is well recognized as a pool of biological markers. Saliva, as a non-invasive and safe source, could be a substitute for blood in the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. This review summarizes the latest advancements in saliva-related studies and addresses the potential value of saliva in the early diagnosis of oral diseases, such as dental caries and periodontal disease, as well as cancer, diabetes and other systemic disorders. Saliva biomarkers range from changes in the biochemical indices of DNA, RNA and proteins to the diversification of microbiota structures. This study integrates data reported in the recent literature and discusses the clinical significance and prospects for the application of saliva in the early diagnosis of diseases, translational medicine and precision medicine.

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“…What’s more, exosomes have the ability of stability which help them move far away and not to rupture. These characteristics suggest that exosomes have potential use in clinical diagnosis and treatment (Zheng et al, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary exosomal PSMA7: a promising biomarker of inflammatory bowel disease

et al. 2017

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an intestinal immune-dysfunctional disease worldwide whose prevalence increasing in Asia including China. It is a chronic disease of the gastrointestinal tract with unknown cause. Exosomes are small vesicles in various body fluids. They have diameters of 40–120 nm, and one of their functions is long-distance transfer of various substances. In this study, we investigated the contents of salivary exosomes in patients with IBD and in healthy controls to explore a new biomarker in patients with IBD. In this study, whole saliva was obtained from patients with IBD (ulcerative colitis (UC), n = 37; Crohn’s disease (CD), n = 11) and apparently healthy individuals (HC, n = 10). Salivary exosomes were extracted from samples, and the proteins within the exosomes were identified by liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). The results showed that more than 2000 proteins were detected in salivary exosomes from patients with IBD. Through gene ontology analysis, we found that proteasome subunit alpha type 7 (PSMA7) showed especially marked differences between patients with IBD and the healthy controls, in that its expression level was much higher in the CD and UC groups. This exosomal protein is related to proteasome activity and inflammatory responses. So we conclude that in this research, salivary exosomal PSMA7 was present at high levels in salivary exosomes from subjects with IBD. It can be a very promising biomarker to release the patients from the pain of colonoscopy.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13238-017-0413-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Exosome Analysis: A Promising Biomarker System with Special Attention to Saliva

Cited by 33 publications

References 46 publications

Physical characterization and profiling of airway epithelial derived exosomes using light scattering

Physical characterization and profiling of airway epithelial derived exosomes using light scattering

Saliva in the diagnosis of diseases

Salivary exosomal PSMA7: a promising biomarker of inflammatory bowel disease

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