Exopolysaccharide Productivity and Biofilm Phenotype on Oral Commensal Bacteria as Pathogenesis of Chronic Periodontitis

Yamanaka, Takeshi; Yamane, Kazuyoshi; Mashimo, Chiho; Nambu, Takayuki; Maruyama, Hugo; Leung, Kai P.; Fukushima, Hajime

doi:10.5772/31034

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…We hypothesize that biofilm bacteria, being held together by exopolysaccharides as biofilm matrices, might present a huge physical challenge for phagocytosing neutrophils. As a consequence of these neutrophils being frustrated by their inability to phagocytose this bacterial mass, this might trigger the unregulated release of bactericidal compounds that could cause tissue injury [27], as shown in the inflammatory pathway associated with lung injury or chronic wounds [28,29]. Further investigation is needed to clarify whether inconsistency of biofilm phenotype in SAG gives influence of their interaction with human neutrophils and propensity to cause abscesses.…”

Section: Biofilm Formation Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm-Forming Capacity on Clinically Isolated Streptococcus constellatus from an Odontogenic Subperiosteal Abscess Lesion

Yamanaka¹

2012

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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S. Treptococcus constellatus, a member of the S. Treptococcus anginosus Group (SAG), and known as part of indigenous oral microbiota, has been described to cause abscesses in various regions of the body, despite this organism appears to be innocuous, in general at its habitat. In this communication, we report a biofilm-forming capacity of a facultative anaerobic gram-positive coccus isolated as a dominant bacterium in an odontogenic subperiosteal abscess lesiony. The clinical isolate designated as strain H39 formed dense meshwork structures around the cells that are typical for biofilm forming bacteria, and produced viscous materials in its spent culture media. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain H39 was 99% homologous to that of S. Treptococcus constellatus ATCC 27823, a type strain for S. Treptococcus constellatus. Phylogenetic analysis using data sets of recN, groEL, tuf and 16S rRNA genes showed a sister relationship between strain H39 and S. Treptococcus constellatus ATCC 27823. Dense meshwork-like structures found on strain H39 were observed on S. Treptococcus constellatus ATCC 27823, but not on S. intermedius ATCC 27335 and S. anginosus ATCC 33397. Biofilm assay using 96-wells polystyrene microtiter plates revealed that S. Treptococcus constellatus strains H39 and ATCC 27823 can form dense biofilm on abiotic materials consistently. S. intermedius ATCC 27335 was able to form biofilm on microtiter plates at a lesser extent to those of S. Treptococcus constellatus strains. S. anginosus ATCC 33397 did not form biofilm on an abitotic material. As conclusions, dense meshwork structures around the cells of S. Treptococcus constellatus, and the capacity of S. Treptococcus constellatus and S. intermedius to form biofilm on abiotic materials as observed in this study might be related to the pathogenicity of these two organism and the tropism of organisms in SAG. As recently suggested, phylogenetic analysis could be a powerful tool for differentiating and identifying clinical isolates belong to SAG.

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Section: Biofilm Formation Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biofilm-Forming Capacity on Clinically Isolated Streptococcus constellatus from an Odontogenic Subperiosteal Abscess Lesion

Yamanaka¹

2012

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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“…Plaque, or dental biofilm, is one of the most complex microbial communities in the human body; it comprises a diverse set of microorganisms embedded in an extracellular matrix, which adheres to oral surfaces . Bacterial adhesion is a prerequisite and a critical determinant for colonization of teeth and epithelial surfaces, and polysaccharides are one of the major components in the biofilm matrix, providing structural protection and a nutrient source for cell adhesion . Substances able to interfere with bacterial adhesion on oral surfaces are of great importance for biofilm control and oral health maintenance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of xylitol on salivary β‐glucosidase in humans

Essenfelder

Gomes

Miquelutti

et al. 2019

European J Oral Sciences

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Dental biofilm – in which a diverse set of microorganisms are embedded in a complex polysaccharide matrix that adheres to oral components – is one of the most complex microbial communities in the human body. As biofilm formation is related to oral infections, such as caries and periodontal diseases, strategies for biofilm control are crucial for maintaining oral health. Xylitol, a synthetic sugar used as a sucrose substitute, has been shown to reduce biofilm formation. However, its precise mechanism of action on biofilm reduction has so far not been elucidated. Previous studies demonstrate that bacterial β‐glucosidase action is crucial for biofilm formation. Here, we investigated the correlation between salivary β‐glucosidase activity and dental plaque occurrence. We found a positive correlation between enzymatic activity and the presence of dental biofilm. We observed that xylitol inhibits β‐glucosidase in human saliva. Kinetic studies also confirmed that xylitol acts as a mixed type inhibitor of salivary β‐glucosidase. Based on our data, we suggest that xylitol impairs oral biofilm formation by the inhibition of bacterial β‐glucosidase, which is essential for biofilm formation in the oral cavity.

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Identification of the Genes Involved in the Biofilm-like Structures on Actinomyces oris K20, a Clinical Isolate from an Apical Lesion

Mashimo

Kamitani

Nambu

et al. 2013

Journal of Endodontics

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Exopolysaccharide Productivity and Biofilm Phenotype on Oral Commensal Bacteria as Pathogenesis of Chronic Periodontitis

Cited by 4 publications

References 60 publications

Biofilm-Forming Capacity on Clinically Isolated Streptococcus constellatus from an Odontogenic Subperiosteal Abscess Lesion

Biofilm-Forming Capacity on Clinically Isolated Streptococcus constellatus from an Odontogenic Subperiosteal Abscess Lesion

Effect of xylitol on salivary β‐glucosidase in humans

Identification of the Genes Involved in the Biofilm-like Structures on Actinomyces oris K20, a Clinical Isolate from an Apical Lesion

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