Exopolysaccharide Produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-12 Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation and Colon Cancer Symptoms by Modulating the Gut Microbiome and Metabolites of C57BL/6 Mice Treated by Azoxymethane/Dextran Sulfate Sodium Salt

Abstract

Exopolysaccharide produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum-12 (LPEPS) exhibited the anti-proliferating effect on human colon cancer cell line HT-29 in vitro. The purpose of the study was to determine the alleviating effects of LPEPS on colon cancer development of the C57BL/6 mice treated by azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium salt (AOM/DSS). The C57BL/6 mice treated by AOM/DSS were orally administered LPEPS daily for 85 days. The results showed that LPEPS oral administration enhanced colon tight-junction protein expression and ameliorated colon shortening and tumor burden of the AOM/DSS treated mice. Furthermore, LPEPS oral administration significantly reduced pro-inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1β levels and increased anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 level in the serum of the AOM/DSS-treated mice. LPEPS oral administration reversed the alterations of gut flora in AOM/DSS-treated mice, as evidenced by the increasing of the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, Muribaculaceae, Burkholderiaceae, and norank_o__Rhodospirillales and the decreasing of the abundance of Firmicutes, Desulfovibrionaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Helicobacteraceae. The fecal metabolites of the AOM/DSS-treated mice were altered by LPEPS oral administration, involving lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism. Together, these results suggested that LPEPS oral administration alleviated AOM/DSS-induced colon cancer symptoms of the C57BL/6 mice by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites, enhancing intestine barrier, inhibiting NF-κB pathway, and activating caspase cascade.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells prevent disruption of the gut barrier, preserve microbiota composition, and potentiate immunoregulatory pathways in a rat model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

“…54 Also, a lower relative abundance of Eisenbergiella and Tyzzerella (both from Lachnospiraceae family), which are considered proinflammatory bacteria, 51,52 was observed at the EAE peak in the MDSC-treated group. The reduction in Anaerotruncus was positively associated with IL-17 production in an infection model, 53 Deferribacteriaceae family, involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the CNS in MS and EAE, 55 and Staphylococcaceae, strongly associated with inflammatory diseases, 56 were observed at the time of EAE peak in the MDSC-treated group. Also, some of the beneficial bacteria were increased in animals treated with MDSCs, such as SCFAproducing Ruminococcaceae UCG-010.…”

Lactobacillus crispatus-derived exopolysaccharides with antibacterial activity limit Salmonella typhimurium invasion by inhibiting inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis

“…The role of EPS 7-4 in our study differed from that of EPS from L. plantarum -12, which promote apoptosis through activating caspase-3, -8, and -9. 45 This difference can be ascribed to the different M w values and monosaccharide compositions of the two EPS. These results suggest that EPS from different strains have unique biological activities.…”

Physicochemical properties and survival assessment of potential probiotics in a novel dairy drink during storage

“…This dual action leads to a simultaneous decrease in pH levels and the suppression of pathogenic proliferation. Additionally, this process enhances the prevalence of beneficial bacteria, provides a source of energy for colonic epithelial cells, and fortifies the integrity of the intestinal barrier, as supported by recent research (Ma et al, 2021). Furthermore, EPS plays a crucial role in safeguarding against various challenges.…”