Exogenous Physiologically Active Substances of Trichoderma Harzianum 128 and Their Synthesis While Introduction of Micromycetes Into Composted Substrate

Abstract

Objective. To study the possibility of production of physiologically active substances by the as-sociation of micromycetes Trichoderma harzianum 128, which is used for enrichment composted substrates based on chicken litter. Methods. Microbiological, physiological, accumulative thin lay-er chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC / MS). Results. T. harzianum 128 produces a significant amount of physiologically active growth stimulanting substances. Soak-ing of corn seeds in the culture liquid of micromycetes association, diluted with water in 100– 10,000 times, provides a reliable growth stimulation of seedlings and indicates the absence of phy-totoxicity in microorganisms. The instrumental determination of the content of exogenous phyto-hormones in pre-purified and concentrated phytohormonal extracts shows a significant amount of auxins in a culture fluid — their total amount reaches 18.33 μg/g of dry biomass of the producer, and of cytokinins, in particular, isopentenylidenidine (5.6 μg/g of dry biomass) and zeatin (0.88 μg/g dry biomass). Association T. harzianum 128 in small quantities produces gibberellic acids — GK3 (0.34 μg/g dry biomass) and GK4 — 0.23 μg/g of dry biomass). Absorbent acid was also found in the culture fluid (5.3 μg/g dry biomass), but its amount is four times less than the cor-responding measures in the known strain T. viride F100001, which was used as a positive control in the studies. While the introduction of association T. harzianum 128 into the composted chicken litter substrate, the obtained compost shows high auxin and cytokinin activity. Conclusion. Phyto-hormones, which are produced by the micromycetes association of T. harzianum 128, can positively influence the growth and development of plants, play a protective role in adverse environmental conditions. After introduction of the investigated fungi association to a composted substrate on the basis of chicken litter it accumulates significant amounts of physiologically active substances of auxin and cytokinin action. Under these conditions compost acquires new qualitative features.