Existence of Salt Glands in Various Genera of the Gramineae

Liphschitz, Nili; Waisel, Y.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1974.tb02129.x

Cited by 123 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Gramineae (Liphschitz & Waisel, 1974). The capacity of excretion to remove Na and Cl from the Warwick & Halloran (1991) reported variation for plant varies from species to species (Pollack & salinity tolerance among a number of Australian and Waisel, 1979;Waisel, Eshel & Agami, 1986; overseas accessions oi Diplachne fusca (L).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride from leaves of two accessions of Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv.

Warwick

Halloran

1992

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYWhen two accessions of brown beetle grass [Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv. syn. Leptochloa fusca (L.) Kunth], differing in tolerance to salinity, were exposed to NaCl over 15 d, Na concentrations were constant in the shoot. However, there were differences in shoot Na concentration between the two accessions which were manifest after 5 d exposure to 100 mol m~^ NaCl. Na and Cl concentrations in the shoot were found to be controlled within a narrow range and did not increase any further after 5 d exposure to NaCl. Leaves of differing maturity and growth rate of both accessions did not differ in their Na concentrations. Na concentrations remained stable in leaves of differing ages after the first 6 d of exposure to NaCl whereas K declined with time, possibly due to remobilization to younger leaves. Avoidance of high concentrations of Na in younger leaves by its sequestration in older tissue does not appear to he a salt-tolerance mechanism in D. fusca. The primary mechanism of exclusion of Na and Cl from the plant is in the root, with secondary control of leaf Na and Cl concentration by excretion of excess Na and Cl through leaf salt-glands. Total Na uptake for the relatively salt-tolerant accession of D. fusca. Ml, was similar to that for the relatively intolerant accession F3, although Ml had a lower Na concentration in its leaves than F3 after 5 d exposure to NaCl. This suggests a possible mechanism for the higher tolerance of Ml to NaCl. Leaf Na concentration was significantly higher in F3 than Ml, but Ml had significantly higher Na excretion rates than F3. The leaf salt-glands of both accessions of D. fusca were found to be capable of excreting approximately 50-80 % of the Na entering the leaf.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride from leaves of two accessions of Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv.

Warwick

Halloran

1992

New Phytologist

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“…Within the Poaceae (grasses), bicellular leaf epidermal salt glands have been reported to occur in over 30 species within the tribes Chlorideae, Eragrosteae, Aeluropodeae, and Pappophoreae (Liphshchitz and Waisel 1974;Taleisnik and Anton 1988;Amarasinghe and Watson 1989), all members of the subfamily Chloridoideae (Gould and Shaw 1983). Salt glands in the Poaceae consist of a basal cell, attached, or imbedded, into the leaf epidermis, and a cap cell (Liphshchitz and Waisel 1974;Fahn A 1988) (Figure 2a). The glands are characterized by cutinized cell walls, and are often surrounded by papillae.…”

Section: Turfgrass Salinity Tolerance Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of saline and non-potable water in the turfgrass industry: Constraints and developments

Marcum

2006

Agricultural Water Management

103

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The need for salt-tolerant turfgrasses is ever-increasing. Rapid urban population growth has put enormous pressures on limited freshwater supplies. Many state and local governments have reacted by placing restrictions on the use of potable water for irrigating turfgrass landscapes, instead requiring use of reclaimed, or other secondary saline water sources. In coastal areas, overpumping, and resultant salt water intrusion of coastal wells used for irrigating turfgrass facilities has widely occurred. The nature and extent of the salinity problem, followed by basic salinity issues and available management choices, will be discussed. Issues facing the turf manager using saline water sources are soil salinization, resulting in direct salt injury to turf, and secondary problems of loss of soil structure ensuing from sodium and bicarbonate effects, resulting in loss of salt leaching potential and soil anaerobiosis. Management choices for the turf manager using saline water are limited. Soil salinity must be maintained below the level deemed detrimental to the turf, by maintaining sufficient leaching. Sodium/bicarbonate affected soils must be managed to maintain sufficient permeability to permit adequate leaching. Finally, salt tolerant turf species/cultivars must be used. Long-term solutions to the salinity problem will require development of improved salt-tolerant turfgrasses. Progress in cultivar development, and future development of potential alternative halophytic turfgrass species will also be discussed. Media summaryRapid urbanization has resulted in escalating salinity issues facing turfgrass landscapes. The extent of the salinity problem, salinity management issues, including soil salt-leaching and sodicity-permeability management, use of salt tolerant turf cultivars, and future development of salt tolerant turfgrasses will be discussed.

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“…The distinction between the two is not sharp, however, and a graph of the length-width ratio of the apical cells in all microhairs in the family shows that the variation is continuous (GPWG 2001;Kellogg, unpublished observations). Some chloridoid microhairs contain internal membranes in the basal cell and secrete salt (Liphschitz and Waisel 1974;Marcum 1999;Oi et al 2012), but there is no evidence that the panicoid hairs are secretory (Amarasinghe and Watson 1989). Other chloridoid microhairs, the "Enneapogon type" have internal membranes in the apical cell, but appear to be non-secretory Watson 1988, 1989).…”

Section: Leaf Epidermismentioning

confidence: 95%

Description of the Family, Vegetative Morphology and Anatomy

Kellogg

2015

Flowering Plants. Monocots

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Existence of Salt Glands in Various Genera of the Gramineae

Abstract: SUMMARY Salt glands were observed in twenty‐five species belonging to the Chlorideae, Sporoboleae and Aeluropodeae tribes of the Gramineae. Most of those species are presently glycophytes, and the possession of salt glands suggests that they had a common halophytic ancestor.

Cited by 123 publications

References 4 publications

Accumulation and excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride from leaves of two accessions of Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv.

Accumulation and excretion of sodium, potassium and chloride from leaves of two accessions of Diplachne fusca (L.) Beauv.

Use of saline and non-potable water in the turfgrass industry: Constraints and developments

Description of the Family, Vegetative Morphology and Anatomy

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