Exhaust toxicity evaluation in a gas turbine engine fueled by aviation fuel containing synthesized hydrocarbons

Gawron, Bartosz; Białecki, Tomasz; Janicka, Anna; Zawiślak, Maciej; Górniak, Aleksander

doi:10.1108/aeat-11-2018-0277

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The miniature turbojet engine GTM-140 is used not only in aviation alternative fuels research area but also for emission toxicity tests. The results of the preliminary studies were presented by Gawron et al [30,31] and Janicka et al [32].…”

Section: Gawron and Białeckimentioning

confidence: 97%

Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of the Turbine Engine Fueled with HEFA Blends from Different Feedstocks

et al. 2020

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In the next decade, due to the desire for significant reduction in the carbon footprint left by the aviation sector and the development of a sustainable alternatives to petroleum, fuel from renewable sources will play an increasing role as a propellant for turbine aircraft engines. Currently, apart from five types of jet fuel containing synthesized hydrocarbons that are certified by the ASTM D7566 standard, there is yet another synthetic blending component that is at the stage of testing and certification. Hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids enable the production of a synthetic component for jet fuel from any form of native fat or oil. Used feedstock affects the final synthetic blending component composition and consequently the properties of the blend for jet fuel and, as a result, the operation of turbine engines. A specialized laboratory test rig with a miniature turbojet engine was used for research, which is an interesting alternative to complex and expensive tests with full scale turbine engines. The results of this study revealed the differences in the parameters of engine performance and emission characteristics between tested fuels with synthetic blending components and neat jet fuel. The synthetic blending component was obtained from two different feedstock. Noticeable changes were obtained for fuel consumption, CO and NOx emissions. With the addition of the hydroprocessed esters and fatty acids (HEFA) component, the fuel consumption and CO emissions decrease. The opposite trend was observed for NOx emission. The tests presented in this article are a continuation of the authors’ research area related to alternative fuels for aviation.

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Section: Gawron and Białeckimentioning

confidence: 97%

Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of the Turbine Engine Fueled with HEFA Blends from Different Feedstocks

et al. 2020

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“…After many years, the introduction of new rules for the certification of aircraft engines by ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) began, which is associated with the use of a new measurement methodology, which has been proposed in publications over the past years [6]. Recent research efforts [7] are aimed at measuring gaseous and particulate emissions under real conditions and better understanding their toxicity and impact on health [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Emissions of a Microturbine and Turbofan Powered by Alternative Fuels

et al. 2021

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Alternative fuels containing biocomponents produced in various technologies are introduced in aviation to reduce its carbon footprint but there is little data describing their impact on the performance and emissions of engines. The purpose of the work is to compare the performance and gas emissions produced from two different jet engines—the GTM-140 microturbine and the full-size DGEN380 turbofan, powered by blends of Jet A-1 and one of two biocomponents: (1) Alcohol-to-Jet (ATJ) and (2) Hydroprocessed Esters and Fatty Acids (HEFA) produced from used cooking oil (UCO) in various concentrations. The acquired data will be used to develop an engine emissivity model to predict gas emissions. Blends of the mineral fuel with synthetic components were prepared in various concentrations, and their physicochemical parameters were examined in the laboratory. Measurements of emissions from both engines were carried out in selected operating points using the Semtech DS gaseous analyzer and the EEPS spectrometer. The impact of tested blends on engine operating parameters is limited, and their use does not carry the risk of a significant decrease in aircraft performance or increase in fuel consumption. Increasing the content of biocomponents causes a noticeable rise in the emission of CO and slight increase for some other gasses (HC and NOx), which should not, however, worsen the working conditions of the ground personnel. This implies that there are no contraindications against using tested blends for fuelling gas-turbine engines.

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“…The main reason for this was the content of oxygen concentration in the fuel. Besides, the addition of ethanol to the fuel improves the burning rate which typically enhances the combustion efficiency of the blends (Gawron et al, 2020;Manigandan et al, 2020a). For illustration, the static thrust was plotted in Figure 2.…”

Section: Combustion Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Lowest emission sustainable aviation biofuels as the potential replacement for the Jet-A fuels

Anderson

Karthikeyan

Kumar

et al. 2020

AEAT

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to predict the performance and emission characteristics of micro gas turbine engines powered by alternate fuels. The micro gas turbine engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics are analyzed for the jet fuel with different additives. Design/methodology/approach The experimental investigation was carried out with Jet A-1 fuel on the gas turbine engines at different load conditions. The primary blends of the Jet A-1 fuels are from canola and solid waste pyrolysis oil. Then the ultrasonication of highly concentrated multiwall carbon nanotubes is carried with the primary blends of canola (Jet-A fuel 70%, canola 20% and 10% ethanol) and P20E (Jet-A 70% fuel, 20% PO and 10% ethanol). Findings The consumption of the fuel is appreciable with the blends at a very high static thrust. The 39% reduction in thrust specific fuel consumption associated with a 32% enhance in static thrust with P20E blend among different fuel blends. Moreover, due to the increase in ethanol concentration in the blends PO20E and C20E lead to a 22% rise in thermal efficiency and a 9% increase in higher oxygen content is observed. Practical implications The gas turbine engine emits very low emission of gases such as CO, CO2 and NOx by using the fuel blends, which typically reduces the fossil fuel usage limits with reduced pollutants. Originality/value The emission of the gas turbine engines is further optimized with the addition of hydrogen in Jet-A fuel. That is leading to high specific fuel exergy and owing to the lower carbon content in the hydrogen fuel when compared with that of the fossil fuels used in gas turbine engines. Therefore, the usage of hydrogen with nanofluids was so promising based on the results obtained for replacing fossil fuels.

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Exhaust toxicity evaluation in a gas turbine engine fueled by aviation fuel containing synthesized hydrocarbons

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of the Turbine Engine Fueled with HEFA Blends from Different Feedstocks

Combustion and Emissions Characteristics of the Turbine Engine Fueled with HEFA Blends from Different Feedstocks

Performance and Emissions of a Microturbine and Turbofan Powered by Alternative Fuels

Lowest emission sustainable aviation biofuels as the potential replacement for the Jet-A fuels

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