Exhaust emissions with ethanol or n-butanol diesel fuel blends during transient operation: A review

Giakoumis, Evangelos G.; Rakopoulos, C.D.; Dimaratos, Athanasios; Rakopoulos, Dimitrios C.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2012.09.017

Cited by 253 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…In particular, the overshoot of EGR rate occurs in turbocharging diesel engine under transient process conditions [5]. The main reason for this is the response delay of combustion boundary conditions caused by the air supply delay [6][7][8]. Aiming at addressing the increasingly serious environmental problems and stringent emission regulations, optimization of transient combustion and emission performance has become a focus of vehicle engine research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Sectional-Stage Loading Strategies on a Two-Stage Turbocharged Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine under Transient Operation with EGR

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The influence of loading strategies on combustion and emissions parameters is experimentally and numerically studied under typical 5 s transient conditions of constant speed and increasing torque. The experiment is conducted on a two-stage turbocharged heavy-duty diesel engine with a constant opening valve high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system. The test results show that: compared with the full-stage loading (FSL) strategy (constant loading rate during the entire transient process), the sectional-stage loading (SSL) strategies (holding a certain time at 50% load) can significantly reduce soot emissions (by 41.3%); the greater the first-stage loading rate, the better the torque response performance, which maximally increases by 56.7%. Besides, longer loading holding time can effectively restrain the overshoot of EGR rate and advance the combustion phase (CA10, CA50) at medium and large loads. However, the larger second-stage loading rate slightly deteriorates the combustion and emission performance. This deterioration situation can be markedly suppressed by adopting a suitable loading hold time.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Sectional-Stage Loading Strategies on a Two-Stage Turbocharged Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine under Transient Operation with EGR

et al. 2018

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“…16 There are some studies which analyse the effect of n-butanol/diesel blends on diesel emissions. [17][18][19][20] In most of these studies, diesel engines were tested under steady conditions [21][22][23][24][25] and only few of them measured along driving cycles. For instance, Armas et al 18 and Kozak 26 analysed the effect of n-butanol addition on the performance and emissions from different Euro 4 diesel engines following the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission benefits from the use of n-butanol blends in a Euro 6 diesel engine

Lapuerta

Hernández

Rodríguez–Fernández

et al. 2017

International Journal of Engine Research

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Tests with diesel/n-butanol blends (up to 20% by volume) were carried out in a Euro 6 engine following the New European Driving Cycle in a test bench. No decrease in engine efficiency was observed when n-butanol is used and fuel consumption increased proportionally to its lower heating value. Regarding emissions, total hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide increased when n-butanol is used. On the other hand, the use of n-butanol reduces the particle emissions down to a minimum value (for around 16% of n-butanol content) and then increases particle emissions again. This was observed in both mass and particle number. This trend occurs as a consequence of the compromise between the increase in oxygen content, which inhibits soot formation, and the increase in hydrocarbon emissions, especially under cold-engine conditions, which promotes liquid nucleation. Finally, NO X emissions remained unchanged as a consequence of the compensation between larger ignition delays and shorter combustion durations.

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“…: +886-6-275-1084; Fax: +886-6-208-3152 E-mail address: jhtsai@mail.ncku.edu.tw as a renewable fuel and is the most extensively used fuel in spark-ignition engines among alternative fuels (Niven et al, 2005;Giakoumis et al, 2013;Iodice and Senatore, 2014). Ethanol represents the vast majority of the renewable energy contribution of global energy demand for the transport sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Criteria and Organic Air pollutant Emissions from Motorcycles by Using Various Ethanol-Gasoline Blends

Yao

Tsai

Wang

et al. 2017

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Studies on the correlation between ethanol-gasoline blends and pollutant emissions of small engine motorcycles are scant. This study examined the effects of ethanol-gasoline blends, containing various ethanol contents, on air pollutant emissions from two four-stroke fuel-injection motorcycles without engine adjustment. Three test blends, separately containing 15 (E15), 20 (E20), and 30 vol% (E30) ethanol in gasoline, were used to power the test motorcycles. Commercial unleaded gasoline was used as the reference fuel (as RF). The motorcycles were tested on a chassis dynamometer by using the Economic Commission for Europe test cycle. The target pollutants investigated in this study included criteria pollutants, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and six species of organic air toxics. The results revealed that the emissions of CO, THC, total VOCs, alkanes, alkenes, and aromatic groups reduced when the ethanol-gasoline blends were used to fuel the motorcycles. E30 demonstrated approximately 1.2-fold increases in carbonyl group emissions compared with RF. Emissions of the target air toxics demonstrated a reduction potential on benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX), but increased the emissions of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde by 65% and 330%, respectively. Results also showed that the emission changes from fuel-injected motorcycle were generally smaller than the value of carburetor motorcycle. Fuel injection engine fueled with ethanol-gasoline blends may lead to emission reductions to CO, THC, and BTEX.

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Exhaust emissions with ethanol or n-butanol diesel fuel blends during transient operation: A review

Cited by 253 publications

References 72 publications

Investigation of Sectional-Stage Loading Strategies on a Two-Stage Turbocharged Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine under Transient Operation with EGR

Investigation of Sectional-Stage Loading Strategies on a Two-Stage Turbocharged Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine under Transient Operation with EGR

Emission benefits from the use of n-butanol blends in a Euro 6 diesel engine

Investigating Criteria and Organic Air pollutant Emissions from Motorcycles by Using Various Ethanol-Gasoline Blends

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