Exhaust emission from a vehicle engine operating in dynamic states and conditions corresponding to real driving

Abstract

The article presents the exhaust emission results from a diesel engine in dynamic states of engine operation in the driving tests: NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) and Malta test, developed at the Poznan University of Technology. The NEDC and Malta tests were carried out as simulations on the engine test bench mimicking the driving tests conditions. The test results of the emission of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides obtained in each of the tests were presented. The dynamic states have been classified de-pending on the time derivative value of the torque and engine rotational speed. Both the positive and negative as well as zero time deriv-ative values of torque and rotational speed were considered. Therefore, overall six types of dynamic states were analyzed. A high sensi-tivity of exhaust emission to various types of dynamic states was found. The exhaust emission sensitivity to dynamic states in the Malta test was found to be higher than for the NEDC test, although these tests have similar properties (average rotational speed and average torque). This is due to the fact that the NEDC test is created on the basis of the similarity of zero-dimensional characteristics of the cars speed characteristic, whereas the Malta test was designed in accordance with the principle of faithful representation in the time domain of the NEDC speed curve.

Influence of the Thermal State of Vehicle Combustion Engines on the Results of the National Inventory of Pollutant Emissions

“…Carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds emissions are most sensitive to the thermal status of internal combustion engines. In the case of nitrogen oxides' emission from the engine during warm-up, low engine temperatures support low nitrogen oxides' emission [9,10,13,15,24]; however, then the effectiveness of the exhaust after-treatment system is decreased [10][11][12][13]16,[19][20][21]23]. In the event of using the catalyst after-treatment, exhaust gas purification from particulate matter is slightly delayed-therefore, the effect of combustion engine warm-up on particulate matter emission is lesser when compared to that observed for nitrogen oxides.…”

“…There is a comprehensive literature available on the subject of pollutant emissions from internal combustion engines during warm-up, e.g., [1,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

“…Several studies previously addressed the methods for reducing pollutant emissions and fuel consumption during engine cold-start. In [12], test results on a compressionignition engine with the platinum-coated glow plug were presented. Measurable effects were achieved in reducing the emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and particulate matter, as well as fuel consumption.…”

Research on Exhaust Emissions in Dynamic Operating States of a Combustion Engine in a Real Driving Emissions Test

“…The object of the investigations was Fiat Idea fitted with a Fiat 1.3 JTD MultiJet Diesel engine. Table 1 presents the basic specifications of the test stand in the laboratory together with the engine on the dynamometer [27]. Figure 2 presents the view of the said equipment.…”

“…The test was carried out under urban conditions in the city of Poznan, rural conditions around the city of Poznan including an expressway portion (S11) and motorway conditions-the S11 expressway and the A2 motorway [14,26,27] (Figure 3). The total distance of the test route was approx.…”