Exhaled breath measures of inflammation: are they useful in neonatal chronic lung disease?

Harrison, Catherine M; Andersen, Chad

doi:10.1136/adc.2003.040709

Cited by 17 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…With further technical developments, EBC may possibly help to diagnose specific diseases by means of a pattern of biomarkers generating a 'fingerprint' characteristic of a certain disease (Rahman & Kelly 2003). At present, however, comparison and interpretation of data on this rapidly growing field is mainly hampered by the lack of standardization of the collection process itself and the lack of specific high-sensitivity assays to analyse EBC components (Rosias et al 2004, Harrison & Andersen 2005. Consequently, several methodological issues need to be addressed and require thorough validation before this technique can be used clinically (Horváth et al 2005, Montuschi 2005).…”

Section: Calves (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite these encouraging reports, there are still fundamental problems and pitfalls associated with analysis of samples of EBC (Effros et al 2004, 2005, Rosias et al 2004, Harrison & Andersen 2005, Montuschi 2005). Comparison of the results of different studies is often limited by the fact that different collection methods (mainly based on home-made devices) have been used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of methodological and biological influences on the collection and composition of exhaled breath condensate

Reinhold¹,

Jaeger²,

Schroeder³

2006

Biomarkers

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The purpose of this inter-species comparison (calves and pigs) was to identify methodological and biological influences on the collection and composition of exhaled breath condensate (EBC). A total of 352 EBC samples were collected, whilst variables of ventilation were registered in parallel. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and pH were analysed in non-degassed EBC samples. The concentration of total protein in EBC was measured colorimetrically. In both species, lung function was evaluated before and after EBC collection. Statistical analyses were performed to study the effect of EBC collection on lung function and to identify the influence of ventilatory variables on the collection and composition of EBC. Collection of EBC did not affect lung function. Despite the volume of EBC collected per unit time being primarily dependent on ventilation per unit time, species-specific conditions during the EBC collection process resulted in different dependences of EBC collection from other variables of ventilation (i.e. maximal airflow during expiration or expired tidal volume kg-1 body weight). The concentration of protein ml(-1) EBC increased with the expired volume per min and with peak expiratory flow. Although the pCO2 in fresh EBC was significantly negatively dependent on the duration of collection, comparable pHs (5.6 - 6.2) were measured in EBC of both calves and pigs. The obtained data may help one standardize EBC collection in different species.

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Section: Calves (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of methodological and biological influences on the collection and composition of exhaled breath condensate

Reinhold¹,

Jaeger²,

Schroeder³

2006

Biomarkers

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“…These have demonstrated that exhaled CO levels reflect hemolysis (11) and that the ETCO level correlates closely with the corrected reticulocyte count in Coomb's test-positive term neonates (12). We can, however, find reference in a review (13) to only one study in which ETCO levels were examined in infants developing BPD. The study apparently demonstrated increased ETCO levels in infants developing BPD, but the reference is a presentation at a conference (Fanaroff A, Carbon monoxide predicts BPD, May 2003, South Eastern Association of Neonatologists Meeting, Marco Island) and no detailed information is given.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

End-tidal Carbon Monoxide Levels in Prematurely Born Infants Developing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

et al. 2007

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with an early inflammatory response that persists after the first week of life. Inflammatory mediators can induce hemoxygenase-1 with a consequent increase in carbon monoxide (CO) production. End-tidal CO (ETCO) levels would be elevated in infants developing BPD. Serial measurements of ETCO levels were attempted on d 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28 in 50 prematurely born infants (median gestational age 29 wk). Fourteen infants developed BPD [oxygen dependent beyond 36 wk post-menstrual age (PMA)] and had higher ETCO levels compared with the rest of the cohort on d 7, 14, 21, and 28. On d 14, the mean (SD) ETCO levels of the BPD group were 3.19 (1.11) ppm and 1.43 (0.61) ppm in the non-BPD group (p Ͻ 0.001). An ETCO level on d 14 Ͼ2.15 ppm had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 92% in predicting oxygen dependency at 36 wk PMA. Measurement of ETCO levels in prematurely born infants may be useful in the prediction of BPD.

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“…Sources of the EBC droplets, dilution of the droplets with condensed water vapor and substance stability are a few examples of specific problems still open. However, detailed discussion of technical developments in EBC analysis would be far beyond the scope of chapter and the reader is kindly requested to refer to specialized publications [193][194][195][196][197][198][199].…”

Section: Exhaled Breath Condensatementioning

confidence: 99%

Breath Analysis: Analytical Methodologies and Clinical Applications

Ceccarini

Francesco

Fuoco

et al. 2012

Analytical Techniques for Clinical Chemistry

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Exhaled breath measures of inflammation: are they useful in neonatal chronic lung disease?

Cited by 17 publications

References 70 publications

Evaluation of methodological and biological influences on the collection and composition of exhaled breath condensate

Evaluation of methodological and biological influences on the collection and composition of exhaled breath condensate

End-tidal Carbon Monoxide Levels in Prematurely Born Infants Developing Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Breath Analysis: Analytical Methodologies and Clinical Applications

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