Exfoliative cytology in diagnosis of cancer of the colon

Raskin, Howard F.; Palmer, Walter L.; Kirsner, Joseph B.

doi:10.1007/bf02616620

Cited by 35 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The method is based on the observation that cytological specimens collected from the large intestine are not only suitable for cytological assessment20 21 but also for the analysis of genetic changes using PCR amplification 1113 15 16 This approach offers the advantage that cells shed from the entire colon (and probably the small intestine) can be analysed, as mutations have been detected in caecum tumours with the same probability as more distal tumours 11…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular screening of patients with long standing extensive ulcerative colitis: detection of p53 and Ki-ras mutations by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and differential hybridisation in colonic lavage fluid

Lang¹,

Stratakis

Heinzlmann

et al. 1999

Gut

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Background-In patients with long standing ulcerative colitis at risk of developing malignancy, mutations of the p53 and Ki-ras gene were investigated in lavage solution obtained at surveillance colonoscopy. Methods-DNA was isolated from 31 consecutive patients with total or subtotal ulcerative colitis and a disease duration of between seven and 26 years. Twenty seven control patients showed no macroscopic or microscopic inflammation on colonoscopy. Exons 5-8 of the p53 gene and exon 1 of the Ki-ras gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Mutations of the p53 gene were detected by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis. Point mutations of the Ki-ras gene were hybridised on dot blots with oligonucleotides marked with digoxigenin. Results-In all cases of ulcerative colitis and in all of the 27 control patients, wild type p53 and wild type Ki-ras could be detected. In four patients with ulcerative colitis, a mutation in exon 5 to 7 of the p53 gene was found, and two patients had a mutation of the Ki-ras gene (Gly to Asp-12, Gly to Val-12). None of these patients had dysplasia in serial biopsy specimens, and all but one had had the disease for more than 10 years. One control patient had a mutation. Conclusions-Mutations were more frequent in patients with long standing ulcerative colitis (19%) than in control patients (3%, p = 0.07). The technique may be useful for screening for early malignancy in ulcerative colitis. (Gut 1999;44:822-825)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular screening of patients with long standing extensive ulcerative colitis: detection of p53 and Ki-ras mutations by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and differential hybridisation in colonic lavage fluid

Lang¹,

Stratakis

Heinzlmann

et al. 1999

Gut

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“…The entire colonic epithelium is renewed every 3–4 days, the cells being incorporated into stool. Methods of retrieving these cells for study have involved stool itself or colonic lavage44, 45. The turnover of cells in colonic tumours is at least equal to and often higher than that in normal epithelium.…”

Section: Colonocytes Adenoma–carcinoma Sequence and Potential Tumourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular stool screening for colorectal cancer

Mak

Lalloo

Evans

et al. 2004

British Journal of Surgery

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“…For nearly a century, exfoliated cells have been recovered from the gastrointestinal lu men to diagnose cancer [51,52], During the 1950s, several studies demonstrated that cy tologic examination of the colorectal effluent solution after enema lavage approached the sensitivity and specificity of colon X-ray for cancer detection [53][54][55], More recently, sev eral studies in selected patients have shown that simple cytologic inspection of effluent following enema or oral lavage purgation al lowed nearly 100% sensitivity for colorectal cancer with 95-100% specificity [56][57][58][59][60][61], Such cytologic detection was equally effective with proximal and distal cancer. While the discomfort and inconvenience of a colonic lavage and the cost of examination by a cytologist render this approach impractical for mass screening, lavage cytology has clearly demonstrated the discriminating value of ex foliated cells.…”

Section: Fecal Colonocytesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stool Markers for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Future Considerations

Ahlquist

Gilbert²

1996

Dig Dis

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Stool screening for colorectal neoplasia has the important advantages of noninvasiveness and affordability over other available screening approaches. However, better markers are needed to improve the sensitivity and specificity of stool screening. A functional classification of stool markers is proposed, based on the mode of luminal marker entry, which may be useful in considering alternative markers.

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Exfoliative cytology in diagnosis of cancer of the colon

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

Molecular screening of patients with long standing extensive ulcerative colitis: detection of p53 and Ki-ras mutations by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and differential hybridisation in colonic lavage fluid

Molecular screening of patients with long standing extensive ulcerative colitis: detection of p53 and Ki-ras mutations by single strand conformation polymorphism analysis and differential hybridisation in colonic lavage fluid

Molecular stool screening for colorectal cancer

Stool Markers for Colorectal Cancer Screening: Future Considerations

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