Exfoliation of graphite flake and its nanocomposites

Chen, Guohua; Wu, Dajun; Weng, Wengui; Wu, Chen

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(02)00409-8

Cited by 251 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The xGnP has been synthesized here from the GIC through rapid evaporation of the intercalant at an elevated temperature. The thermal exfoliation of the acid-intercalated graphite is known to produce few layer graphene very successfully [17] [18]. The product obtained is a very low density material having high temperature resistance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Cu-Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelets (xGnP) Metal Matrix Composite by Powder Metallurgy Route

Alam¹,

Kumar²,

Sharma³

2015

Graphene

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In the present investigation the possibility of using exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP) as reinforcement in order to enhance the mechanical properties of Cu-based metal matrix composites is explored. Cu-based metal matrix composites reinforced with different amounts of xGnP were fabricated by powder metallurgy route. The microstructure, sliding wear behaviour and mechanical properties of the Cu-xGnP composites were investigated. xGnP has been synthesized from the graphite intercalation compounds (GIC) through rapid evaporation of the intercalant at an elevated temperature. The thermally exfoliated graphite was later sonicated for a period of 5 h in acetone in order to achieve further exfoliation. The xGnP synthesized was characterized using SEM, HRTEM, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The Cu and xGnP powder mixtures were consolidated under a load of 565 MPa followed by sintering at 850˚C for 2 h in inert atmosphere. Cu-1, 2, 3 and 5 wt% xGnP composites were developed. Results of the wear test show that there is a significant improvement in the wear resistance of the composites up to addition of 2 wt% of xGnP. Hardness, tensile strength and strain at failure of the various Cu-xGnP composites also show improvement upto the addition of 2 wt% xGnP beyond which there is a decrease in these properties. The density of the composites decreases with the addition of higher wt% of xGnP although addition of higher wt% of xGnP leads to higher sinterability and densification of the composites, resulting in higher relative density values. The nature of fracture in the pure Cu as well as the various Cu-xGnP composites was found to be ductile. Nanoplatelets of graphite were found firmly embedded in the Cu matrix in case of Cu-xGnP composites containing low wt% of xGnP.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Cu-Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelets (xGnP) Metal Matrix Composite by Powder Metallurgy Route

Alam¹,

Kumar²,

Sharma³

2015

Graphene

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“…The other most common intercalation method, is stirring natural graphite with a mixture of concentrated sulphuric acid and nitric acid (4:1, v/v) for 16 h at room temperature to obtain graphite bisulphate. 35,36 Reacting graphite with strong acid (H 2 SO 4 ) and strong oxidant (KMnO 4 ), known as the modified Hummers method, is another common method used to obtain predominantly stage 1 GIC. 37 In the graphite bisulphate, the graphite structure remains mainly intact because the guest molecules are only located in between the carbon layers, whereas chemical intercalation with a strong oxidant negatively affects the graphite's electronic properties as its conjugated sp 2 structure is disrupted.…”

Section: Graphitementioning

confidence: 99%

Chemically converted graphene: scalable chemistries to enable processing and fabrication

et al. 2015

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Graphene, a nanocarbon with exceptional physical and electronic properties, has the potential to be utilized in a myriad of applications and devices. However, this will only be achieved if scalable, processable forms of graphene are developed along with ways to fabricate these forms into material structures and devices. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the chemistries suitable for the development of aqueous and organic solvent graphene dispersions and their use for the preparation of a variety of polymer composites, materials useful for the fabrication of graphene-containing structures and devices. Fabrication of the processable graphene dispersions or composites by printing (inkjet and extrusion) or spinning methods (wet) is reviewed. The preparation and fabrication of liquid crystalline graphene oxide dispersions whose unique rheologies allow the creation of graphene-containing structures by a wide range of industrially scalable fabrication techniques such as spinning (wet and dry), printing (ink-jet and extrusion) and coating (spray and electrospray) is also reviewed.

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“…Recently, expanded graphite [9][10][11][12][13][14][15] has been used as the conducting fillers for conducting polymer composites, which greatly reduced the filler content as compared to conventional fillers. More recently, exfoliated graphite nanosheets [16][17][18][19] with diameter of 5 to 20 mm and thickness of 30 to 80 nm have been successfully incorporated into PMMA, PS, and nylon 6, and with only about 0.3, 0.32, and 0.75 vol %, respectively, required to satisfy the critical percolative transition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion of graphite nanosheets in polymer resins via masterbatch technique

Chen

Wang

et al. 2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The dispersion of graphite nanosheets (GNs) in polymer matrices via the masterbatch technique was investigated. Modifying resin was added to GNs to prepare blend which is designated as the masterbatch. Such masterbatches, containing 70-80 wt % of GN filler, were blended with target polymers via melt extrusion process to prepare polymer/GN nanocomposites. The extruded nanocomposites showed characteristic conducting percolation behaviors with the percolation thresholds mainly dependent on the miscibility of the modifying resin with polymer matrix. The percolation thresholds of AS (Acrylonitrile-Styrene compolymer)/GN and highdensity polyethylene (HDPE)/GN nanocomposites prepared by this technique were about 9 and 14 wt % of GN, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy and other characterizations showed that the GNs were well dispersed in AS and HDPE resins. The extrusion process and compatibility of the modifying resin with target polymer proved to be important factors for the homogeneity of the nanodispersion.

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Exfoliation of graphite flake and its nanocomposites

Cited by 251 publications

References 12 publications

Development of Cu-Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelets (xGnP) Metal Matrix Composite by Powder Metallurgy Route

Development of Cu-Exfoliated Graphite Nanoplatelets (xGnP) Metal Matrix Composite by Powder Metallurgy Route

Chemically converted graphene: scalable chemistries to enable processing and fabrication

Dispersion of graphite nanosheets in polymer resins via masterbatch technique

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