Exercise Physiology of Zebrafish: Swimming Effects on Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Growth, on the Immune System, and the Involvement of the Stress Axis

Palstra, Arjan P.; Schaaf, Marcel J. M.; Planas, Josep V.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-31049-2_14

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Growth improvement through exercise has been observed for different species, with a close correlation to the specific physical-activity profile of each species. In this sense, the improvement has been observed especially in pelagic species [2], and, in the case of gilthead sea bream, using the optimal swimming speed [74]. However, in the current study involving sea bass under a regime of moderate and sustained swimming (1.5 BL s −1 ) for 60 days, no significant improvements in growth rate or fillet composition were observed.…”

Section: Finding a Practical Swimming Speed For Sea Bass Farmingcontrasting

confidence: 58%

“…Several studies demonstrate that keeping fish to a specific physical activity or swimming exercise leads to a higher growth rate, often coupled with an improved food conversion ratio, FCR [1][2][3]. Moreover, growing fish exposed to water currents exhibit less aggressive behavior and lower levels of stress hormones in the blood, resulting in lower metabolic rates and energy saving [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improving the Aerobic Capacity in Fingerlings of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) through Moderate and Sustained Exercise: A Metabolic Approach

Perelló-Amorós,

Fernández-Borràs,

et al. 2024

Animals

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Sustained swimming induces beneficial effects on growth and energy metabolism in some fish species. However, the absence of a standardized exercise regimen that guarantees an optimal response to physical activity is due to the anatomical, behavioral, and physiological differences among species, and the different conditions of tests applied, which are especially notable for the early stages of cultured species. The objective of this study was to assess the growth and metabolic responses of European sea bass submitted to continuous and moderate exercise exposure, selecting a practical swimming speed from swimming tests of groups of five fingerlings. The exercise-effects trial was carried out with 600 sea bass fingerlings (3–5 g body weight) distributed in two groups (control: voluntary swimming; exercised: under sustained swimming at 1.5 body lengths·s−1). After 6 weeks, growth parameters and proximal composition of both muscles were not altered by sustained swimming, but an increased synthetic capacity (increased RNA/DNA ratio) and more efficient use of proteins (decreased ΔN15) were observed in white muscle. The gene expression of mitochondrial proteins in white and red muscle was not affected by exercise, except for ucp3, which increased. The increase of UCP3 and Cox4 protein expression, as well as the higher COX/CS ratio of enzyme activity in white muscle, pointed out an enhanced oxidative capacity in this tissue during sustained swimming. In the protein expression of red muscle, only CS increased. All these metabolic adaptations to sustained exercise were also reflected in an enhanced maximum metabolic rate (MMR) with higher aerobic scope (AMS) of exercised fish in comparison to the non-trained fish, during a swimming test. These results demonstrated that moderate sustained swimming applied to sea bass fingerlings can improve the physical fitness of individuals through the enhancement of their aerobic capacities.

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Section: Finding a Practical Swimming Speed For Sea Bass Farmingcontrasting

confidence: 58%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Aerobic Capacity in Fingerlings of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) through Moderate and Sustained Exercise: A Metabolic Approach

Perelló-Amorós,

Fernández-Borràs,

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…Muscle texture and nutritional composition are important indices of fish quality, and are influenced by aquaculture modes. Water flow stimulation is the most critical ecological factor for improving fish quality [6], as it significantly increases fish protein content and decreases fat content [7][8][9]. Moderate exercise can also affect muscle fatty acid ratios, significantly increase amino acid content [10] and enhance the flavor of fish [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, as the water velocity of the IPR culture mode is significantly different from the traditional pond (TRP) culture, it can be inferred that IPR could improve the quality of fish meat. Palstra et al reported that yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) swimming at established flows of IPR showed increased growth performance and body protein [7]; Peter et al also reported on the effects of swimming in IPR on fat reduction in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Muscle Quality of the Yellow Catfish Cultured in In-Pond Raceway Systems and Traditional Ponds

Zhang

Wang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Water

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In order to understand the difference in muscle nutritional quality between yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) cultured in in-pond raceway systems (IPR) and traditional ponds (TRP), two modes were used to culture the yellow catfish with the same initial body weight [average body weight (15.69 1 ± 2.28) g] for 60 days. The growth index, muscle texture characteristics, muscle nutritional components, amino acids and fatty acids of the fish were measured after the culture experiment. The results showed that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate and survival rate of IPR were significantly higher than TRP (p < 0.05). The hardness, elasticity, chewiness and resilience of the yellow catfish cultured in IPR were significantly higher than those cultured in TRP (p < 0.05). The crude protein content in the muscle of the yellow catfish cultured in IPR was significantly higher than that cultured in TRP (p < 0.01), while the content of crude fat and water was significantly lower (p < 0.01). The total amount of amino acids, essential amino acids and flavor amino acids of IPR were significantly higher than TRP (p < 0.01). The percentages of saturated fatty acids in muscle of the yellow catfish cultured in IPR and TRP were 3.59% and 3.83%, respectively, and the percentages of unsaturated fatty acids were 96.41% and 96.17%, respectively. It was concluded that the nutritional quality of yellow catfish cultured in IPR was better than that of fish cultured in TRP.

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“…Importantly, zebrafish are associated with the ease of genetic manipulation, as well as rich developmental bioinformatics, and are suitable for a variety of experimental techniques [ 12 ] and are migratory, so the device can be used to train zebrafish in non-invasive swimming exercises. This all facilitates the kinematic study of skeletal and cardiac muscles [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardioprotective responses to aerobic exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy in zebrafish heart

et al. 2021

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Herein, we aimed to establish an aerobic exercise-induced physiological myocardial hypertrophy zebrafish (Danio rerio) model and to explore the underlying molecular mechanism. After 4 weeks of aerobic exercise, the AMR and Ucrit of the zebrafish increased and the hearts were enlarged, with thickened myocardium, an increased number of myofilament attachment points in the Z-line, and increased compaction of mitochondrial cristae. We also found that the mTOR signaling pathway, angiogenesis, mitochondrial fusion, and fission event, and mitochondrial autophagy were associated with the adaptive changes in the heart during training. In addition, the increased mRNA expression of genes related to fatty acid oxidation and antioxidation suggested that the switch of energy metabolism and the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis induced cardiac physiological changes. Therefore, the zebrafish heart physiological hypertrophy model constructed in this study can be helpful in investigating the cardioprotective mechanisms in response to aerobic exercise.

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Exercise Physiology of Zebrafish: Swimming Effects on Skeletal and Cardiac Muscle Growth, on the Immune System, and the Involvement of the Stress Axis

Cited by 3 publications

References 79 publications

Improving the Aerobic Capacity in Fingerlings of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) through Moderate and Sustained Exercise: A Metabolic Approach

Improving the Aerobic Capacity in Fingerlings of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) through Moderate and Sustained Exercise: A Metabolic Approach

Comparison of Muscle Quality of the Yellow Catfish Cultured in In-Pond Raceway Systems and Traditional Ponds

Cardioprotective responses to aerobic exercise-induced physiological hypertrophy in zebrafish heart

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