Exercise intensity-specific changes to cerebral blood velocity do not modulate a postexercise executive function benefit

Effect of Acute Cardiovascular Exercise on Cerebral Blood Flow: A Systematic Review

“…As summarized in Table 3, the most common measure of cerebral perfusion used in the included studies was Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD; n =25), followed by Near- infrared spectroscopy (NIRS; n = 23), Arterial spin labeling (ASL; n = 5), and Positron Emission Tomography (PET; n = 2). Three studies used TCD and NIRS to determine cerebral perfusion (Imhoff et al, 2017; Imray et al, 2005; Tari et al, 2021).…”

“…Second, participants with IDC (Koike et al, 2004a; Koike et al, 2006) or VHD (Koike et al, 2004b) showed a significant decrease in O2Hb during exercise. Third, the concentration of deoxyhemoglobin (dHb) significantly increased in healthy controls and participants with VHD (Ichinose et al, 2020; Koike et al, 2004b; Malik et al, 2018; Monroe et al, 2016; Rupp & Perrey, 2008; Timinkul et al, 2008), whereas it remained unchanged in some healthy controls (Koike et al, 2004b), and significantly decreased in recreationally active students towards the end of cycling exercises of varying intensities (Tari et al, 2021). Fourth, three studies explicitly reported an increase in the total blood volume (tHb) in the cerebral tissue in patients with COPD (Andrianopoulos et al, 2018) and participants with no known relevant conditions (Giles et al, 2014; Rupp & Perrey, 2008).…”

“…Regardless of the specific CBF measurement technique used, most studies reported an increase in global CBF during exercise (Hartmann et al, 2020; Hiura et al, 2009; Hiura et al, 2018; Perdomo et al, 2019; Smith et al, 2014; Tari et al, 2021). Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), on the other hand, may increase during (Hiura et al, 2013; Hiura et al, 2018; Lyngeraa et al, 2013; Robertson et al, 2015; Steventon et al, 2019; Steventon et al, 2020) or decrease (Hiura et al, 2018; MacIntosh et al, 2017; Pontifex et al, 2018; Robertson et al, 2015; Robertson et al, 2015) after a single bout of exercise.…”

“…Included studies using parameters of internal load to determine exercise intensity (Andrianopoulos et al, 2018; Billaut et al, 2010; Billinger et al, 2017; Billinger et al, 2021; Burma et al, 2020; Ellis et al, 2017; Faulkner et al, 2016; Fisher et al, 2013; Furlong et al, 2020; Giles et al, 2014; Hiura et al, 2009; Hiura et al, 2013; Hiura et al, 2018; Ichinose et al, 2020; Klein et al, 2019; Labrecque et al, 2020; Lyngeraa et al, 2013; Malik et al, 2018; Monroe et al, 2016; Parfitt et al, 2017; Perdomo et al, 2019; Pontifex et al, 2018; Rattray et al, 2017; Robertson et al, 2015; Santos-Concejero et al, 2017; Sato et al, 2011; Shibuya et al, 2004; Steventon et al, 2019; Steventon et al, 2020; Tsubaki et al, 2018; Tsubaki et al, 2016; Witte et al, 2019) focused on Vo2max, heart rate reserve (HRR), peak work rate (WRpeak), peak oxygen uptake (VOpeak), and perceived exertion rates (Borg, 1970). On the other hand, experiments using parameters of external load centered around Watt (W) as a measure of exercise intensity (Ashley et al, 2020; Billinger et al, 2017; Braz et al, 2017; Fisher et al, 2013; Fisher et al, 2008; Hartmann et al, 2020; Hiura et al, 2009; Hiura et al, 2018; Imhoff et al, 2017; Imray et al, 2005; Koike et al, 2004a; Koike et al, 2004b; Koike et al, 2006; Neary et al, 2008; Rupp & Perrey, 2008; Smith et al, 2019; Tallon et al, 2019; Tari et al, 2021; Timinkul et al, 2008; Tsukamoto et al, 2019). The internal load is influenced by personal characteristics, including nutrition, genetics, sleep, fitness, health history, and similar, and environmental factors such as room temperature.…”

“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted August 16, 2022. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.14.22278765 doi: medRxiv preprint Robertson et al, 2015Rupp & Perrey, 2008Santos-Concejero 2017Sato et al, 2011Shibuya et al, 2004Smith et al, 2014Smith et al, 2019Steventon et al, 2019Steventon et al, 2020Tallon et al, 2019Tari et al, 2021Timinkul et al, 2008Tsubaki et al, 2016Tsubaki et al, 2018Tsukamoto et al, 2019Witte et al, 2019 Note. This table summarizes the risk of bias for each study.…”