Cerebral blood flow and immediate and sustained executive function benefits following single bouts of passive and active exercise

Tari, Benjamin; Ahn, Joshua; Dalton, Connor; Choo, Sun Young; Heath, Matthew

doi:10.1016/j.bandc.2023.105953

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Notably, however, gain variability did not change over the same assessment window for pro-or antipointing and is a result demonstrating that the post-exercise RT benefit for the latter task cannot be accounted for by an explicit or implicit strategy designed to decrease movement planning and response execution times at the cost of increased endpoint error (i.e., speed-accuracy trade-off) (Fitts, 1954). Instead, the RT finding for the active condition is consistent with a wealth of evidence reporting that a single bout of active exercise provides an immediate postexercise EF benefit (for meta-analyses see, Lambourne and Tomporowski, 2010;Chang et al, 2012), and the passive exercise findings accord recent work by our group reporting a postexercise EF benefit (Shirzad et al, 2022;Tari et al, 2023).…”

Section: Passive and Active Exercise Support A Postexercise Executive...supporting

confidence: 75%

“…As expected, the control condition did not impact MCAv nor EF, whereas passive and active exercise produced a baseline to steady state increase in MCAv-albeit with a larger change in the latter conditionand both conditions produced a postexercise inhibitory control EF benefit. Further, Tari et al (2023) showed that the passive exercise benefit was limited to the first 20-min postexercise, whereas active exercise provided a more persistent (i.e., ∼60 min) benefit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Passive exercise provides a simultaneous and postexercise executive function benefit

Dalton,

Edgar,

Tari

et al. 2024

Front. Cognit.

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IntroductionPassive exercise involves limb movement via an external force and is an intervention providing an immediate postexercise executive function (EF) benefit. It is, however, unknown whether EF is improved simultaneous with passive exercise—a salient question given the advent of passive (and active) exercise workstations designed to enhance productivity and wellbeing for individuals engaged in sedentary occupations.MethodsHere, participants (N = 23) completed separate 20-min conditions involving active (i.e., via volitional muscle activation) and passive (i.e., via mechanically driven cycle ergometer) cycle ergometry and a non-exercise control condition. EF was assessed prior to (i.e., preintervention), simultaneous with, and immediately after (post-intervention) each condition via the antipointing task. Antipointing involves a goal-directed limb movement mirror-symmetrical to a target and is an ideal tool for the current investigation given that the task is mediated via EF inhibitory control networks that show response-dependent changes following a single bout of exercise.Results and discussionResults showed that passive exercise produced a simultaneous and post-intervention reduction in antipointing reaction time (RT), whereas active exercise selectively produced a post-intervention—but not simultaneous—RT reduction. Thus, passive and active exercise elicited a postexercise EF benefit; however, only passive exercise produced a simultaneous benefit. That passive—but not active—exercise produced a simultaneous benefit may reflect that the intervention provides the necessary physiological or psychological changes to elicit improved EF efficiency without the associated dual-task cost(s) of volitional muscle activity.

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