Exercise-induced stress behavior, gut-microbiota-brain axis and diet: a systematic review for athletes

Clark, Allison; Mach, Núria

doi:10.1186/s12970-016-0155-6

Cited by 388 publications

(419 citation statements)

References 161 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

318

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast to habitual light exercise and fitness (Clarke et al, 2014), strenuous exercise causes an increase in the number of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNFα, IL-1, IL-6, IL-1 receptor antagonist, TNF receptors, as well as anti-inflammatory modulators like IL-10, IL-8, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1, indicating a dose-response effect between biological responses to exercise and host immunity (reviewed by Clark and Mach, 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Crosstalk between the Gut Microbiota and Mitochondria during Exercise

Clark¹,

Mach²

2017

Front. Physiol.

Self Cite

254

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many physiological changes occur in response to endurance exercise in order to adapt to the increasing energy needs, mitochondria biogenesis, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and acute inflammatory responses. Mitochondria are organelles within each cell that are crucial for ATP production and are also a major producer of ROS and reactive nitrogen species during intense exercise. Recent evidence shows there is a bidirectional interaction between mitochondria and microbiota. The gut microbiota have been shown to regulate key transcriptional co-activators, transcription factors and enzymes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis such as PGC-1α, SIRT1, and AMPK genes. Furthermore, the gut microbiota and its metabolites, such as short chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids, also contribute to host energy production, ROS modulation and inflammation in the gut by attenuating TNFα- mediated immune responses and inflammasomes such as NLRP3. On the other hand, mitochondria, particularly mitochondrial ROS production, have a crucial role in regulating the gut microbiota via modulating intestinal barrier function and mucosal immune responses. Recently, it has also been shown that genetic variants within the mitochondrial genome, could affect mitochondrial function and therefore the intestinal microbiota composition and activity. Diet is also known to dramatically modulate the composition of the gut microbiota. Therefore, studies targeting the gut microbiota can be useful for managing mitochondrial related ROS production, pro-inflammatory signals and metabolic limits in endurance athletes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Crosstalk between the Gut Microbiota and Mitochondria during Exercise

Clark¹,

Mach²

2017

Front. Physiol.

Self Cite

254

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…38 , 39 Finally, a decrease in bacteria of the genus Coprococcus and Ruminococcus were both associated with activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis and stress-induced depression. 40 , 41 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prenatal androgen exposure causes hypertension and gut microbiota dysbiosis

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Conditions of excess androgen in women, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), often exhibit intergenerational transmission. One way in which the risk for PCOS may be increased in daughters of affected women is through exposure to elevated androgens in utero. Hyperandrogenemic conditions have serious health consequences, including increased risk for hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Recently, gut dysbiosis has been found to induce hypertension in rats, such that blood pressure can be normalized through fecal microbial transplant. Therefore, we hypothesized that the hypertension seen in PCOS has early origins in gut dysbiosis caused by in utero exposure to excess androgen. We investigated this hypothesis with a model of prenatal androgen (PNA) exposure and maternal hyperandrogenemia by single-injection of testosterone cypionate or sesame oil vehicle (VEH) to pregnant dams in late gestation. We then completed a gut microbiota and cardiometabolic profile of the adult female offspring. Results: The metabolic assessment revealed that adult PNA rats had increased body weight and increased mRNA expression of adipokines: adipocyte binding protein 2, adiponectin, and leptin in inguinal white adipose tissue. Radiotelemetry analysis revealed hypertension with decreased heart rate in PNA animals. The fecal microbiota profile of PNA animals contained higher relative abundance of bacteria associated with steroid hormone synthesis, Nocardiaceae and Clostridiaceae, and lower abundance of Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, Clostridium. The PNA animals also had an increased relative abundance of bacteria associated with biosynthesis and elongation of unsaturated short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Conclusions: We found that prenatal exposure to excess androgen negatively impacted cardiovascular function by increasing systolic and diastolic blood pressure and decreasing heart rate. Prenatal androgen was also associated with gut microbial dysbiosis and altered abundance of bacteria involved in metabolite production of short chain fatty acids. These results suggest that early-life exposure to hyperandrogenemia in daughters of women with PCOS may lead to long-term alterations in gut microbiota and cardiometabolic function.

show abstract

“…Обеспечение возрастающих метаболических потребностей, компенсируется избытком пищи. Это приводит к неадекватному использованию энергетического ресурса или «клеточному голода-нию», которое при явлениях апноэ во сне дополня-ется «кислородным голоданием», ещё большим на-коплением висцерального жира [40].…”

Section: нарушение пищевого поведения пациентов оасunclassified

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Impairment in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Горбунова¹,

Бабак²,

Малявин³

2018

Arhivʺ vnutr. med.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

РезюмеС момента, когда впервые была выявлена обструктивная природа апноэ сна, в многолетних исследованиях получено немало новой инфор-мации об этом заболевании. Именно обструктивное апноэ сна (ОАС) признается независимым предиктором развития нарушения толерант-ности к глюкозе (инсулин резистентность (ИР), гипергликемия натощак), сахарного диабета 2 типа (CД2), резистентной артериальной ги-пертензии, преждевременной сердечно-сосудистой смерти. Проблема выявления и лечения пациентов с ОАС не теряет своей актуальности.В реальной клинической практике существует необходимость комплексного подхода к диагностике и терапии коморбидных больных ОАС с метаболическими расстройствами и сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями. Целью настоящего обзора является оценка клинико-патоге-нетических особенностей метаболических нарушений, углеводного обмена, основного обмена, пищевого поведения, колебания веса тела у пациентов с синдромом обструктивного апноэ сна. Методы. В нашей работе мы использовали ретроспективный анализ опубликованных данных клинических исследований отечественных и зарубежных авторов за последние 20 лет. В обзор включались исследования, имею-щие адекватный дизайн с позиций «добросовестной клинической практики» (GCP) и доказательной медицины. Заключение. Согласно со-временной трактовке обструктивное апноэ сна рассматривается как самостоятельное заболевание, имеющее свои патогенетические ме-ханизмы, клинические и функциональные проявления. Выделяют несколько основных причин влияния ОАС на метаболический компонент и работу сердечно-сосудистой системы. Среди них лидируют интермиттирующая гипоксемия, эндотелиальная дисфункция, колебания внутригрудного давления, повышение активности симпатической нервной системы, нарушение структуры сна. ОАС рассматривается как болезнь, способная инвалидизировать пациентов трудоспособного возраста, резко менять качество жизни, приводить к ранней смертности по причине сердечно-сосудистых катастроф. Своевременное выявление клинических симптомов ОАС и стратегия раннего назначения СРАР-терапии существенно улучшают качество лечения и прогноз коморбидных больных. Ключевые слова: обструктивное апноэ сна, углеводный обмен, основной обмен, пищевое поведение, ожирение AbstractSince the moment when the obstructive nature of sleep apnea was first revealed, many new in-formation on this disease have been obtained. Now obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) recognized as an independent predictor of the development of impaired glucose tolerance (insulin resistance, fasting hyperglycaemia), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), resistant arterial hypertension, cardio-vascular death. The problem of identifying and treating patients with OSA is still actual. In real clinical practice, there is a need for an integrated approach to the diagnosis and therapy of comorbid OSA patients with metabolic impairment and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review is to assess the clinical and pathogenesis features of metabolic impaired, carbohydrate metabolism, basic metabolism, eating behavior, body weight fluctuations in patie...

show abstract

Exercise-induced stress behavior, gut-microbiota-brain axis and diet: a systematic review for athletes

Cited by 388 publications

References 161 publications

The Crosstalk between the Gut Microbiota and Mitochondria during Exercise

The Crosstalk between the Gut Microbiota and Mitochondria during Exercise

Prenatal androgen exposure causes hypertension and gut microbiota dysbiosis

Cardiovascular and Metabolic Impairment in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About