Exercise Improves Long-Term Social and Behavioral Rhythms in Older Adults: Did it Play a Role during the COVID-19 Lockdown?

Cossu, Giulia; Gonzalez, Cesar Ivan Abbile; Minerba, Luigi; Demontis, Roberto; Pau, Massimiliano; Velluzzi, Fernanda; Ferreli, Caterina; Atzori, Laura; Machado, Sérgio; Fortin, Dario; Romano, Ferdinando; Carta, Mauro Giovanni

doi:10.4081/jphr.2021.2432

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…These habits reflect a dietary pattern in line with the Mediterranean model, as observed among adult people living in the Mediterranean area [41][42][43]. In addition, 1 of the 10 items of the Brief Social Rhythms Scale (BSRS), a measure of the regulation of biological rhythms included in the RCT, concerns the regularity of meals; the results, previously published, showed low scores, suggestive of regularity in daily activities including eating [44].…”

Section: Pre-treatment Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 51%

Effect of a Low-Moderate Exercise Program on Dysmetabolism in Older Adults: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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Physical exercise has been shown to improve dysmetabolism in older adults, reducing cardiovascular risk, while its role in preventing dysmetabolism is less known. Moreover, most of the trials use exercise programs that are difficult to put into daily practice. The purpose of this Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) was to evaluate the effectiveness of a 3-month moderate exercise program in improving or preventing dysmetabolism in 120 older adults, randomly selected for the exercise program (experimental group) or cultural activities (control group). None of the subjects were following a hypocaloric diet, and all of them reported healthy eating habits. Anthropometric (Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC)) and metabolic variables (fasting plasma glucose (FPG), High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG)) were assessed at baseline (T0) and at the end of the trial (T1). Dysmetabolism was defined by the presence of an increased WC plus at least two metabolic alterations. At T0, the two groups did not differ by sex, age, education, BMI, WC, FPG, HDL-C levels, and prevalence of dysmetabolism. The mean BMI value indicated overweight, and WC values were higher than the cut-off. At T1, a slight reduction in the number of people with dysmetabolism was found only in the experimental group. However, none of the individuals without dysmetabolism at T0 in the experimental group developed it at T1, while 11.4% developed it in the control group (p = 0.032). This study highlights that a moderate exercise program, accessible in daily practice, can prevent dysmetabolism in older adults, even while being overweight, while if dysmetabolism is already present, more prolonged combined nutritional and exercise interventions will be needed.

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Section: Pre-treatment Assessmentsupporting

confidence: 51%

Effect of a Low-Moderate Exercise Program on Dysmetabolism in Older Adults: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2022

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“…The outcome measure was the comparison of week-48 scores against week-12 ones: the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ9) 17,18 is a self-administered tool. The score is the sum of the value of 9 items, one for each core symptom of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) criteria, and is coded from 0 to 4 as minimal symptoms; 5-9 mild; 10-14, moderate; 15–19 moderately severe and 20-27 severe depression.…”

Section: Design and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Previous Functional Social and Behavioral Rhythms Affect Resilience to Covid-19-Related Stress among Old Adults

Carta

Fornaro²,

Minerba

et al. 2022

Journal of Public Health Research

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Background: Functioning of Social Behavioral Rhythms (SBRs) may affect resilience toward stressful events across different age groups. However, the impact of SBRs on the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) in elder people is yet to ascertain, representing the aim of the present report.Design and methods: Follow-up of a peer-reviewed randomized controlled trial on exercise on old adults (³65 years), concurrent to the onset of the pandemic-related lockdown. Post-RCT evaluations occurred after further 12 and 36 weeks since the beginning of the lockdown phase. People with Major Depressive Episode (MDE) at week-48 (follow-up endpoint) were deemed as cases, people without such condition were considered controls. MDE was ascertained using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9); SBRs functioning at week 12 onward, through the Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS).Results: Seventy-nine individuals (53.2%, females) entered the RCT-follow-up phase. The frequency of MDE did not significantly change before versus during lockdown (OR 2.60, CI95%=0.87-9.13). People with BSRS>1 standard deviation of the whole sample score at week-12 had an inflated risk of DE during lockdown (OR=5.6, 95%CI: 1.5-21.4) compared to those with lower BSRS scores. Such odd hold after excluding individuals with MDD at week-12. The post-hoc analysis could be potentially affected by selection bias.Conclusions: Overall, older adults were resilient during the first phase of the pandemic when functioning of pre-lockdown was still preserved, in contrast to the subsequent evaluations when the impairment of daily rhythms was associated with impaired reliance.

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“…Different psychiatric rehabilitation interventions of proven effectiveness, such as Cognitive Remediation (CR) programs and physical activity, are currently used to reduce the cognitive and clinical impairment of people with mental and neurodegenerative disorders [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. These interventions also play a role in the primary prevention of cognitive decline and alterations of the social and behavioral rhythms in healthy populations [ 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. CR programs include behavioral training aiming to improve cognitive functions, social cognition and metacognition, and the generalization of the achieved goals in daily life [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Recovery-Oriented Program for People with Bipolar Disorder through Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation: Results of a Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial

Perra

Galetti

Zaccheddu

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background: Cognitive impairment is a frequent consequence of bipolar disorder (BD) that is difficult to prevent and treat. In addition, the quality of the preliminary evidence on the treatment of BD through Cognitive Remediation (CR) with traditional methods is poor. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of a CR intervention with fully immersive Virtual Reality (VR) as an additional treatment for BD and offers preliminary data on its efficacy. Methods: Feasibility randomized controlled cross-over clinical study, with experimental condition lasting three months, crossed between two groups. Experimental condition: CR fully immersive VR recovery-oriented program plus conventional care; Control condition: conventional care. The control group began the experimental condition after a three months period of conventional care (waiting list). After the randomization of 50 people with BD diagnosis, the final sample consists of 39 participants in the experimental condition and 25 in the control condition because of dropouts. Results: Acceptability and tolerability of the intervention were good. Compared to the waitlist group, the experimental group reported a significant improvement regarding cognitive functions (memory: p = 0.003; attention: p = 0.002, verbal fluency: p = 0.010, executive function: p = 0.003), depressive symptoms (p = 0.030), emotional awareness (p = 0.007) and biological rhythms (p = 0.029). Conclusions: The results are preliminary and cannot be considered exhaustive due to the small sample size. However, the evidence of efficacy, together with the good acceptability of the intervention, is of interest. These results suggest the need to conduct studies with larger samples that can confirm this data. Trial registration: ClinicalTrialsgov NCT05070065, registered in September 2021

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Exercise Improves Long-Term Social and Behavioral Rhythms in Older Adults: Did it Play a Role during the COVID-19 Lockdown?

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Effect of a Low-Moderate Exercise Program on Dysmetabolism in Older Adults: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Effect of a Low-Moderate Exercise Program on Dysmetabolism in Older Adults: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Previous Functional Social and Behavioral Rhythms Affect Resilience to Covid-19-Related Stress among Old Adults

A Recovery-Oriented Program for People with Bipolar Disorder through Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation: Results of a Feasibility Randomized Clinical Trial

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