Exercise-driven metabolic pathways in healthy cartilage

Blazek, Alisa D.; Nam, Jin; Gupta, Ramlal P.; Pradhan, Meeta; Perera, P.; Weisleder, Noah; Hewett, T. E.; Chaudhari, Ajit M.W.; Lee, B.S.; Leblebicioğlu, Binnaz; Butterfield, Timothy A.; Agarwal, Sudha

doi:10.1016/j.joca.2016.02.004

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…On the other hand, it has been shown that in healthy rats, PE has a positive effect in the joints it induces extracellular matrix biosynthesis, cartilage strengthening, and attenuation of inflammatory pathways [47]. This suggests that the gene induction pattern of mechanosensitive genes seems to be distinct between different arthritis models and healthy animals, and likely also in regarding to the degree of arthritis activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Exacerbates the Transcriptional Profile of Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis

González-Chávez

Quiñonez-Flores

Espino-Solís

et al. 2019

Cells

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Physical exercise (PE) is recommended for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), but the molecular and biological mechanisms that impact the inflammatory process and joint destruction in RA remain unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of PE on the histological and transcriptional changes in the joints of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model. AIA rats were subjected to PE on a treadmill for eight weeks. The joints were subjected to histological and microarray analysis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by PE in the arthritic rats were obtained from the microarray. The bioinformatic analysis allowed the association of these genes in biological processes and signaling pathways. PE induced the differential expression of 719 genes. The DEGs were significantly associated with pathogenic mechanisms in RA, including HIF-1, VEGF, PI3-Akt, and Jak-STAT signaling pathways, as well as response to oxidative stress and inflammatory response. At a histological level, PE exacerbated joint inflammatory infiltrate and tissue destruction. The PE exacerbated the stressed joint environment aggravating the inflammatory process, the hypoxia, and the oxidative stress, conditions described as detrimental in the RA joints. Research on the effect of PE on the pathogenesis process of RA is still necessary for animal models and human.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Exacerbates the Transcriptional Profile of Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis

González-Chávez

Quiñonez-Flores

Espino-Solís

et al. 2019

Cells

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“…Individually housed hamsters without access to daily exercise were found to have reduced articular cartilage levels of proteoglycan production and content, compared to exercising animals . Furthermore, exercise‐driven transcriptional regulation of metabolic pathways in articular cartilage has been demonstrated in rats following a low intensity exercise regime consisting of 12 m/min of treadmill walking for 45 mins/day . Interestingly, alterations in synovial fluid due to exercise has been identified as a potential mediator of the anabolic effect of mechanical loading on cartilage metabolism, highlighting a role of indirect signaling in the transduction of mechanical cues to chondrocytes …”

Section: Role Of Mechanical Stimulation and Cartilage Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells: Implications for cartilage tissue engineering

Fahy

Alini

Stoddart

2017

Journal Orthopaedic Research

168

138

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Articular cartilage is a load-bearing tissue playing a crucial mechanical role in diarthrodial joints, facilitating joint articulation, and minimizing wear. The significance of biomechanical stimuli in the development of cartilage and maintenance of chondrocyte phenotype in adult tissues has been well documented. Furthermore, dysregulated loading is associated with cartilage pathology highlighting the importance of mechanical cues in cartilage homeostasis. The repair of damaged articular cartilage resulting from trauma or degenerative joint disease poses a major challenge due to a low intrinsic capacity of cartilage for self-renewal, attributable to its avascular nature. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a promising cell type for cartilage replacement strategies due to their chondrogenic differentiation potential. Chondrogenesis of MSCs is influenced not only by biological factors but also by the environment itself, and various efforts to date have focused on harnessing biomechanics to enhance chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. Furthermore, recapitulating mechanical cues associated with cartilage development and homeostasis in vivo, may facilitate the development of a cellular phenotype resembling native articular cartilage. The goal of this review is to summarize current literature examining the effect of mechanical cues on cartilage homeostasis, disease, and MSC chondrogenesis. The role of biological factors produced by MSCs in response to mechanical loading will also be examined. An in-depth understanding of the impact of mechanical stimulation on the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs in terms of endogenous bioactive factor production and signaling pathways involved, may identify therapeutic targets and facilitate the development of more robust strategies for cartilage replacement using MSCs. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:52-63, 2018.

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“…Thus, the study described here 39 reveals the complex genetic architecture controlling basal and exercise-induced activity 40 levels in D. melanogaster and provides a resource for exercise biologists. 41 42 4 65 5 (TONEVITSKY et al 2013; BREIT et al 2015;BLAZEK et al 2016), increased insulin 66 sensitivity (MITROU et al 2013; BROCKLEBANK et al 2015), and prevention of many 67 chronic conditions (BOOTH et al 2012). These benefits led exercise to be recognized as 68 an important facet of a healthy lifestyle, with government agencies such as the U.S. 69 Department of Health and Human Services issuing specific exercise recommendations 70 for adults, youths, and children (e.g.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic networks underlying natural variation in basal and induced activity levels inDrosophila melanogaster

Watanabe

Gordon

Riddle

2018

Preprint

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Exercise is recommended by health professionals across the globe as part of a healthy lifestyle to prevent and/or treat the consequences of obesity. While overall, the health benefits of exercise and an active lifestyle are well understood, very little is known about how genetics impacts an individual’s inclination for and response to exercise. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated the genetic architecture underlying natural variation in activity levels in the model system Drosophila melanogaster. Activity levels were assayed in the Drosophila Genetics Reference Panel 2 fly strains at baseline and in response to a gentle exercise treatment using the Rotational Exercise Quantification System. We found significant, sex-dependent variation in both activity measures and identified over 100 genes that contribute to basal and induced exercise activity levels. This gene set was enriched for genes with functions in the central nervous system and in neuromuscular junctions and included several candidate genes with known activity phenotypes such as flightlessness or uncoordinated movement. Interestingly, there were also several chromatin proteins among the candidate genes, two of which were validated and shown to impact activity levels. Thus, the study described here reveals the complex genetic architecture controlling basal and exercise-induced activity levels in D. melanogaster and provides a resource for exercise biologists.

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Exercise-driven metabolic pathways in healthy cartilage

Cited by 35 publications

References 48 publications

Exercise Exacerbates the Transcriptional Profile of Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis

Exercise Exacerbates the Transcriptional Profile of Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis

Mechanical stimulation of mesenchymal stem cells: Implications for cartilage tissue engineering

Genetic networks underlying natural variation in basal and induced activity levels inDrosophila melanogaster

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