Executive functioning in individuals with schizophrenia and/or cocaine dependence

Benaiges, Irina; Serra-Grabulosa, Josep M.; Prat, Gemma; Adán, Ana

doi:10.1002/hup.2279

Cited by 22 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Dual patients are usually younger and live with their parents, are single, have finished primary studies, have worst work activity and higher number of suicidal attempts than those who only have SMI (Zhornitsky et al, 2012;Dragt et al, 2012;Morojele et al, 2012). DD is related to more difficulty to complete a treatment successfully, more relapse rates, use of health services, serious disorders, more functional disability and cognitive, psychological, physical and social impairment (Rush and Koegl, 2008;Morojele et al, 2012;Arias et al, 2013;Benaiges et al, 2013) and worst quality of life (Benaiges et al, 2012) compared with the presence of only one disorder. These results emphasize the need to understand the factors that affect DD (Szerman et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Personality in male patients with substance use disorder and/or severe mental illness

Fernández-Mondragón

Adán

2015

Psychiatry Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Personality in male patients with substance use disorder and/or severe mental illness

Fernández-Mondragón

Adán

2015

Psychiatry Research

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“…This dual diagnosis has relevant clinical implications, given that substance use could exacerbate the SZ symptoms [1] as well as the cognitive impairment [2, 3], it also worsens the prognosis of the disorder [4, 5], and increases the risk of suicide [6]. Thus, it is necessary to study new ways to improve the health-related quality of life and reducing mortality of DS patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared with the single condition, in the DS it has been observed a worse global cognitive state [26] with a marked deterioration with age, especially in executive performance [2, 3, 27], and it is considered to be a powerful predictor of maladaptive functioning [26]. Interestingly, higher premorbid intelligence quotient [17, 28], better executive [29, 30] and social premorbid functioning [18], and dysfunctional impulsivity [9, 19, 28] have been hypothesized to predispose for suicidal behavior and could facilitate the illegal substance acquisition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive Functioning in Men with Schizophrenia and Substance Use Disorders. Influence of Lifetime Suicide Attempts

et al. 2017

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BackgroundLifetime suicide attempts in patients with comorbidity between psychotic disorders and Substance Use Disorder (SUD), known as dual diagnosis, was associated with a worse clinical and cognitive state, poor prognosis and premature death. However, to date no previous study has examined the cognitive performance of these patients considering as independent the presence or absence of lifetime suicide attempts.MethodsWe explore executive functioning differences between suicide attempters and non-attempters in dual schizophrenia (DS) patients and the possible related factors for both executive performance and current suicide risk. Fifty DS male patients in remission of SUD and clinically stables, 24 with and 26 without lifetime suicide attempts, were evaluated. We considered Z scores for all neuropsychological tests and a composite summary score for both premorbid IQ and executive functioning.ResultsDS patients showed low performance in set-shifting, planning and problem solving tasks. Those with suicide attempts presented lower composite summary scores, together with worse problem solving skills and decision-making, compared with non-attempters. However, after controlling for alcohol dependence, only differences in decision-making remained. Executive functioning was related to the premorbid intelligence quotient, and several clinical variables (duration, severity, months of abstinence and relapses of SUD, global functioning and negative symptoms). A relationship between current suicide risk, and first-degree relatives with SUD, insight and positive symptoms was also found.ConclusionsOur results suggest that problem solving and, especially, decision-making tasks might be sensitive to cognitive impairment of DS patients related to presence of lifetime suicide attempts. The assessment of these executive functions and cognitive remediation therapy when necessary could be beneficial for the effectiveness of treatment in patients with DS. However, further research is needed to expand our findings and overcome some limitations of this study.

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“…Tobacco and alcohol are the most frequently used substances among people with schizophrenia and in CHR than in the general population (Addington et al, 2014; Buchy et al, in press; de Leon and Diaz, 2005) and have been associated with neurocognitive function in schizophrenia (Morisano et al, 2013; Wing et al, 2011; Yip et al, 2009)(Allen et al, 1999; Cantor-Graae et al, 2001; Fowler et al, 1998; Manning et al, 2009) Stimulant use also has a deleterious effect on cognitive functions in people diagnosed with a psychotic disorder (Bahorik et al, 2014; Serper et al, 2000a; Serper et al, 2000b; Smelson et al, 2003; van der Meer et al, 2014), and other studies have reported elevated neurocognition in people with schizophrenia currently using cocaine (Bahorik et al, 2014; Benaiges et al, 2013). Therefore, these variables must be taken into account when interpreting results of the relationship between cannabis use and IQ across the schizophrenia spectrum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the relationship between cannabis use and IQ in youth and young adults at clinical high risk of psychosis

Buchy

Seidman

Cadenhead

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research

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Among people with psychosis, those with a history of cannabis use show better cognitive performance than those who are cannabis naïve. It is unknown whether this pattern is present in youth at clinical high risk (CHR) of psychosis. We evaluated relationships between IQ and cannabis use while controlling for use of other substances known to impact cognition in 678 CHR and 263 healthy control (HC) participants. IQ was estimated using the Vocabulary and Block Design subtests of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence. Drug and alcohol use severity and frequency were assessed with the Alcohol and Drug Use Scale, and we inquired participants’ age at first use. CHR were further separated into early and late age at onset of cannabis use sub-groups, and low-, moderate- and high-frequency sub-groups. No significant differences in IQ emerged between CHR or HC cannabis users vs. non-users, or between use frequency groups. CHR late-onset users showed significantly higher IQ than CHR early-onset users. Age at onset of cannabis use was significantly and positively correlated with IQ in CHR only. Results suggest that age at onset of cannabis may be a more important factor for IQ than use current use or use frequency in CHR.

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Executive functioning in individuals with schizophrenia and/or cocaine dependence

Abstract: The results agree with the hypothesis of a lower genetic vulnerability in SZ+ patients to develop psychosis compared with SZ-, who develop it without any additional trigger. However, future research is needed to clarify the current knowledge gaps.

Cited by 22 publications

References 65 publications

Personality in male patients with substance use disorder and/or severe mental illness

Personality in male patients with substance use disorder and/or severe mental illness

Executive Functioning in Men with Schizophrenia and Substance Use Disorders. Influence of Lifetime Suicide Attempts

Evaluating the relationship between cannabis use and IQ in youth and young adults at clinical high risk of psychosis

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