Executive function and coping in stroke survivors

Diversity of approaches in assessment of executive functions in stroke: Limited evidence?

“…One or two subtests of the following instruments of evaluation were applied in 7/35 studies: Initiation-perseveration subtest of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale [24] ; Zoo map, from the Behavioral Assessment of Dysexecutive Syndrome [21] ; Digit Span Backwards [21] , [27] ; Color–word Interference subtest [28] , [29] and Executive Functions subtests of the Cambridge Cognitive Examination — Revised [30] . These subtests were used in addition to other tests to evaluate executive dysfunction.…”

“…Relations between executive dysfunction and other conditions were discussed in 15/35 manuscripts: depression [17] , [18] , [19] , [33] , [34] , [35] , emotional incontinence [25] , motor impairment and rehabilitation [20] , [21] , [27] , [36] , [37] , coping [29] , employment/productivity outcomes [38] and driving performance [39] . Altogether, patients with executive dysfunction presented poor performance on physical tasks often had depression and difficulties to return to a productive life.…”

“… Tools Objective Sample characteristics Psychometric data Main results [84] Canada TMT, DS Exercises and recreation could improve EF in adults with chronic stroke compared with a delayed intervention Stroke intervention (INT, n = 12) or delayed intervention (D-INT, n = 16) Not reported Compared with the D-INT group, the INT group significantly improved selective attention and conflict resolution (P = .02), working memory (P = .04) at the end of the 6-month intervention period. [29] USA DKEFS, Color–Word interference subtest, TMT and Letter–Number Sequencing Evaluate the association between executive function and coping strategies Stroke (n = 15, mean age, 60 y) 27% right stroke 73% left stroke Not reported ED was not related to active coping [32] . Israel VAP-S, BADS, Observed Tasks of Daily Living-Revised (OTDL-R) Construct and Concurrent validity Right hemispheric (n = 12)Left hemispheric (n = 11) Bilateral stroke (n = 1) (Mean age, 58.9 y)CG (n = 24, mean age, 60.1 y) VAP-S (number of purchases) and: BADS, r = 0.42; OTDL-R, r = 0.64 VAP-S (correct actions) and: BADS, r = 0.61; OTDL-R, 0.68 OTDL-R and BADS: r = 0.72 Worse performance in patients than in controls in: number of purchases and correct actions of the VAP-S; rule shift card, key search and modified 6-element tests of the BADS [83] The Netherlands DS Associative working memory task is sensitive in stroke patients.…”

Associations between executive functioning, coping, and psychosocial functioning after acquired brain injury

“…Researchers have found that patients with ABI more often use passive, emotionfocused coping and less often use problem-focused coping styles than the general population (Wolters, Stapert, Brands, & van Heugten, 2011). Some researchers have shown that patients with ABI with executive dysfunction reported less frequent use of problem-focused coping styles than patients with better executive functioning (Kegel, Dux, & Macko, 2014;Krpan, Levine, Stuss, & Dawson, 2007). These researchers concluded that individuals with executive deficits do not have the cognitive ability to use coping strategies that require problem-solving skills; thus, they consequently rely on emotion-focused coping styles.…”

Executive Functioning and Health

“…date: 01 September 2018 extent to which they cope effectively with their stroke-related disability (Kegel, Dux, & Macko, 2014), depend in part on whether EF has been preserved.…”