Executive dysfunction in medicated, remitted state of major depression

Nakano, Yoshitaka; Baba, Hajime; Maeshima, Hitoshi; Kitajima, Akiyoshi; Sakai, Yoshie; Baba, Kanako; Suzuki, Tomohiko; Mimura, Masaru; Arai, Heii

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2008.01.027

Cited by 90 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Similar to the acute state, a specific pattern of deficits in remission remains to be determined, though evidence of CI is regularly found in domains also emphasized in the context of acute depression, that is, psychomotor function [19,24,25], attention [6,8,20,26], memory and learning [6,8,19,27,28], and executive function [6,18,19,26,[28][29][30].…”

Section: Over the Course Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment Along the Course of Depression: Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options

et al. 2018

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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, with a large global impact on both the individual and the society. In this narrative review, we summarize neurocognitive deficits during acute and (partially) remitted states of depression. Furthermore, we outline the potential negative effect of cognitive impairment (CI) on functional recovery, and discuss the role of several variables in the development of CI for MDD patients. Though there is cumulating evidence regarding persistent CI in unipolar depression, research on treatment options specific for this patient group is still scarce. Hence the central aim of our review is to present non-pharmacological interventions, which are thought to reduce CI in affected MDD patients. We discuss cognitive remediation therapy (CRT), physical exercise, yoga, mindfulness-based therapy, and modern neuromodulation approaches like neurostimulation and neurofeedback training. In conclusion, we propose future directions for research on CI in depression. Looking further ahead, we suggest creative interventional designs that include a direct comparison of different non-pharmacological treatment approaches on neurocognition and functional outcome of MDD. Furthermore, additive and synergistic effects of CRT with other treatment approaches should be examined and compared to create multimodal and even personalized intervention programs.

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Section: Over the Course Of Depressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment Along the Course of Depression: Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options

et al. 2018

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“…The inter-rater liability is 0.88-0.93, within-rater reliability is 0.91-0.96, and testretest reliability is 0.57. Performance on the WCST was scored in terms of the total number of errors, perseverative errors, conceptual level response, number of categories completed (NCC), and trials to complete the first category (TCC) (Alexopoulos et al 2005;Elderkin-Thompson et al 2006;ElderkinThompson et al 2004;Naismith et al 2003Naismith et al , 2006Nakano et al 2008;Yuan et al 2008). …”

Section: Neuropsychological Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Executive functions in elderly men

Liu¹,

Chang

et al. 2011

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The executive function deficit is greater in depressed patients with cardiovascular disease than in depressed patients without cardiovascular disease. Late-life depression is said to have a vascular etiology and would worsen the executive function. A cross-sectional design was used for this study. The study was done in outpatient clinics of Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital and National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan. Three hundred thirty-five older elderly men (>75 years old) were chosen as study participants, some military veterans and some not. The mini-mental state examination was used to exclude those suspected of dementia, the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview to screen those undergoing a current major depressive episode, and the revised Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form to measure the severity of depression. Specialist physicians obtained past histories of medical illnesses through chart reviews, history taking, and health examinations. Elderly men with major depression comorbid with cardiovascular disease had worse executive functions. Executive function impairment is greater in elderly men diagnosed with major depression comorbid with cardiovascular disease than in those without cardiovascular disease.

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“…First, studies have found that depressed individuals may lack executive functioning skills that can be critical to maintaining an organized home environment. Studies have shown that depressed individuals show major deficits in executive functioning such as working memory (Kaneda 2009;Sweeney et al 2000), set-shifting (Grant et al 2001;Moritz et al 2002), and attention (Nakano et al 2008). Lack of executive functioning skills are associated with more chaotic households: Valiente et al (2007) reported that parental effortful control, which requires executive functioning skills such as attention shifting, activation control, and inhibitory control, was significantly and negatively associated with household chaos; and Bridgett et al (2013) also found that the level of mothers' selfregulation, which was measured by a set of questionnaires and tasks that measured core executive functioning skills, was significantly and negatively associated with household chaos.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Depressive Symptoms and Children’s School-Readiness: The Indirect Effect of Household Chaos

2015

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The relationship between parental depressive symptoms and children's school-readiness has been wellestablished. However, contextual factors that may transmit the negative influence of parents' depressive symptoms on children has less been studied. The current study examined household chaos, the level of crowdedness, disorganization, noise, and lack of routine at home as a mediating factor between parental depressive symptoms and children's school-readiness. The data came from 444 preschool-aged children (36-70 months old). Parents and teachers reported on children's socio-emotional development and children were directly assessed on literacy, math, and behavioral self-regulation. Structural equation modeling was used to test the indirect association, using the bootstrapping technique. Results revealed that parents' depressive symptoms were significantly associated with their report of household chaos, which in turn was significantly related with children's cognitive skills, motherreported socio-emotional development, and behavioral self-regulation. Test of indirect effects showed that household chaos had significant indirect effect only between parental depressive symptoms and mother-reported social skills. The negative association between depressive symptoms and child outcomes were statistically significant regardless of the level of household chaos. The results of the study reveal that parents who have depressive symptoms may elicit more chaotic home environments, which affects their children's socio-emotional development.

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Executive dysfunction in medicated, remitted state of major depression

Cited by 90 publications

References 36 publications

Cognitive Impairment Along the Course of Depression: Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options

Cognitive Impairment Along the Course of Depression: Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options

Executive functions in elderly men

Parental Depressive Symptoms and Children’s School-Readiness: The Indirect Effect of Household Chaos

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