Excitatory binocular interactions in two cases of alternating strabismus

A binocular iPad treatment for amblyopic children

“…Using the same method to assess severity of suppression, several laboratory studies reported a significant reduction in suppression in adults after repeated binocular game play and that the change in severity was correlated with the change in visual acuity. [6][7][8][9][10][11] On the other hand, Knox et al 12 reported results similar to the present study; there was no significant reduction in suppression with binocular treatment of amblyopic schoolchildren, and, although 50% of children had some reduction in severity of suppression, there was no significant correlation with visual acuity improvement. The discrepancies between adults and children may reflect the difficulty that children encounter in making global motion coherence judgments used to quantify severity of suppression, which may have introduced more variability for children than adults.…”

“…16 Prior studies using reduced fellow eye contrast to allow amblyopic adults to experience binocular vision in supervised laboratory training sessions have reported more visual acuity improvements than observed in the present study (0.17-0.26 logMAR over 1-9 weeks). [6][7][8][9][10][11] The greater improvements may have resulted from differences in attention or motivation due to the age of the participants and/or differences between the supervised laboratory vs home setting for treatment. In the present study, 24% of the amblyopic children enrolled had poor (r25%) compliance with the binocular iPad treatment.…”

“…For the adult laboratory-based studies, only data from adults who completed the study are reported. [6][7][8][9][10][11] The present study and the laboratory-based studies also had significant differences in the baseline characteristics of amblyopic participants that may have affected the amount of visual acuity improvement observed. Most of the 37 participants in the laboratorybased studies had anisometropic amblyopia (54%) and most had no prior amblyopia treatment or surgery (59%).…”

“…The laboratory-based studies have reported that 50-60% achieved improved stereoacuity. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] This difference may, in part, be due to the different stereoacuity tests employed, including some with monocular cues. [17][18][19] That monocular cues may underlie artifactual stereoacuity results is underscored by reports in some of the papers in which patients with tropias of 4-20 deg (8-40 pd) achieved stereoacuity of 20-500 arcsec.…”

“…Under investigator supervision, a total of 37 adults and 14 school-age amblyopic participants in six studies practised binocular tasks for 1-4 weeks using a haploscope, video goggles, or an iPod with a lenticular overlay to separate the monocular images. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] As binocular function improved with training, visual acuity also improved, usually by an average of 0.2 logMAR but ranging from 0.0 to 0.9 logMAR improvement. The preliminary studies support the hypothesis that a binocular approach to treatment of amblyopia can be efficacious.…”