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Wile, J.L.; Fields, D. E.; Kwiatkowski, K.; Yennello, S. J.; Morley, K.B.; Renshaw, Edward F.; Viola, V. E.; Gelbke, C. K.; Lynch, W. G.; Carlin, N.; Xu, H. M.; Gong, W. G.; Tsang, M. B.; Pochodzalla, J.; deSouza, R. T.; Fields, D. J.; Austin, Sam M.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.45.2300

Cited by 35 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…On the other hand, the rise of the temperature parameters with the fragment Z, as expected from a rotation or random motion of the emitting source, is only seen with the krypton projectiles. A fall of the temperature parameters with the fragment Z, as exhibited by 12C -~-197Au, was also observed for 14N q-197Au, but only for E/A _<40 MeV; at higher energies these parameters are nearly constant as a function of Z [41].…”

mentioning

confidence: 56%

“…The rise of the production cross sections with projectile mass appears to be particularly large for the lighter projectiles. As an example, for the reacion 14N + 197Au at E/A = 30 MeV a = 175 mb of lithium production has been reported [41], which is to be compared to 24 mb for 12C + 197Au (Table 3). The same authors have also observed a rapid rise with the bombarding energy for 14N projectiles in the range E/A = 20 to 40 MeV.…”

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confidence: 96%

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Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Milkau

Begemann-Blaich

Eckert

et al. 1993

Z. Physik A - Hadrons and Nuclei

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Abstract. Inclusive cross sections of intermediate mass fragments from the reaction 84Kr-~-I97Au at ElA = 35 MeV were measured over the range 8 ~ < Olab < 70 ~ with a low detection threshold. A moving-source parameterization was used to fit the double-differential cross sections. The integrated cross section for fragment production exceeds the total reaction cross section thus indicating a large probability for multi-fragment processes. The deduced large temperature parameters can be explained by assuming emission from a rotating source. From the comparison to reactions with 12C and 4~ projectiles at E/A = 30 MeV a systematics of inclusive fragment production as a function of the projectile mass is obtained. 25.70.Lm; 25.70.Mn; 25.70.Pq to 3.6 GeV, they seem to be associated with the larger IMF multiplicities [ 11 ]. PACS:In this work the systematics of the inclusive IMF production is extended to heavier projectiles. We report cross sections for the reaction at E/A = 35 MeV which were measured with a low detection threshold over a large range of angles. The atomic number of the observed fragments extends from Z = 3 up to Z = 36. Fragments up to Z = 24 were included in the moving-source analysis of the measured double-differential cross sections. By comparing to data for the reactions 12C "q-197Au[12] and 4~ + !97Au [6], both at E/A = 30 MeV, the role of the projectile mass in this energy regime is investigated. This measurement also complements the numerous exclusive studies of the 84Kr + 197Au reaction which were conducted in order to discern the dominant mechanisms of fragment production [13][14][15][16][17].

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confidence: 56%

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confidence: 96%

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Milkau

Begemann-Blaich

Eckert

et al. 1993

Z. Physik A - Hadrons and Nuclei

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“…In addition, the breakup density is particularly relevant to models of multifragmentation phenomena, which assume that at sufficiently high temperatures, thermal pressure and Coulomb forces drive nuclear expansion and subsequent disintegration of the system [3,46,54,62,63]. Perhaps the most direct experimental signal of the breakup density is provided by the centroids of the peaks of the IMF kinetic en- ergy spectra as a function of E*/A, as mentioned in previous sections and in [10,13,47,48,64,70].…”

Section: Breakup Density and Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Light-ion-induced multifragmentation: The ISiS project

et al. 2006

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An extensive study of GeV light-ion-induced multifragmentation and its possible interpretation in terms of a nuclear liquid-gas phase transition has been performed with the Indiana Silicon Sphere (ISiS) 4π detector array. Measurements were performed with 5-15 GeV/c p, p, and π − beams incident on 197 Au and 2-5 GeV 3 He incident on nat Ag and 197 Au targets. Both the reaction dynamics and the subsequent decay of the heavy residues have been explored. The data provide evidence Preprint submitted to Elsevier Science 10 March 2018for a dramatic change in the reaction observables near an excitation energy of E*/A = 4-5 MeV per residue nucleon. In this region, fragment multiplicities and energy spectra indicate emission from an expanded/dilute source on a very short time scale (20-50 fm/c). These properties, along with caloric curve and scaling-law behavior, yield a pattern that is consistent with a nuclear liquid-gas phase transition.

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“…At a minimum, changes in the behavior of w may indicate a change in reaction mechanism [41,42]. This has been previously demonstrated for the He+""Ag system at 200 MeV [16], where a strong difference is observed in the~parameters at forward angles (characterized by a nonequilibrium decay mechanism) and at backward angles (where the spectra are consistent with emission from an equilibrated source).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Studies of intermediate-mass fragment emission in theHe3+
Yennello
¹
,
Kwiatkowski
²
,
Pollacco
³

et al. 1993
Phys. Rev. C
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0
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0
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Intermediate-mass fragments formed in reactions of He ions with ""Ag and ' Au targets have been studied at five energies between 0.48 and 3.6 GeV. Inclusive measurements show that as the bombarding energy increases, there is a strong enhancement in fragment cross sections and a trend toward isotropic angular distributions. Between 0.90 and 1.8 GeV, a change in the emission mechanism is suggested by (1) kinetic energy spectra with high-energy tails that become distinctly flatter"(2) a broadening of the spectral Coulomb peaks toward lower energies, and (3) charge distributions that become constant, exhibiting a power-law exponent~=2.0. Exclusive studies of the He+""Ag system at 0.90 and 3.6 GeV detected multifragment events with multiplicities up to four. The probability for high-multiplicity events increases about 40-fold between 0.90 and 3.6 GeV. At both energies, the kinetic energy spectra depend on multiplicity, especially when triggering on backward-emitted fragments. For multiplicity three events, a rapidity analysis of the data at 3.6 GeV is consistent with a single, relatively low source velocity, V+=0.4 cm/ns. The data are compared with predictions of a coplanarity-sphericity calculation, the sequential statistical decay code GEMINI, and a hybrid intranuclear cascade/percolation model.PACS number(s): 25.55. -e

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Excitation functions for complex fragment emission in theE/A=20–100 MeVN14+

Cited by 35 publications

References 50 publications

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Light-ion-induced multifragmentation: The ISiS project

Studies of intermediate-mass fragment emission in theHe3+
Yennello
¹
,
Kwiatkowski
²
,
Pollacco
³

et al. 1993
Phys. Rev. C
Self Cite
20
0
6
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Excitation functions for complex fragment emission in theE/A=20–100 MeVN14+

Cited by 35 publications

References 50 publications

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Light-ion-induced multifragmentation: The ISiS project

Studies of intermediate-mass fragment emission in theHe3+Yennello1, Kwiatkowski2, Pollacco3 et al. 1993Phys. Rev. CSelf Cite20060View full textAdd to dashboardCite

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Studies of intermediate-mass fragment emission in theHe3+
Yennello
¹
,
Kwiatkowski
²
,
Pollacco
³

et al. 1993
Phys. Rev. C
Self Cite
20
0
6
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite