Excitation-emission-matrix fluorescence spectroscopy applied to humic acid bands in coral reefs

Matthews, Ben; Jones, Anita C.; Theodorou, N. K.; Tudhope, Alexander W.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4203(96)00039-4

Cited by 136 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Our results show that spectral luminescence ratios (G/B ratios) offer a quantified signal of humic acid incorporation (Isdale 1984;Susic and Boto 1989;Susic et al 1991;Matthews et al 1996;Isdale et al 1998;Wild et al 2000) when normalised against density Taylor 2001a, b, 2005). The coral aragonite and humic acids it incorporates are both luminescent and have emissions in the green-blue domain (Matthews et al 1996;Ramseyer et al 1997;Wild et al 2000;Nyberg 2002;Sierra et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…6b). As the spectral emissions of humic acids and aragonite cluster at similar wavelengths, it is difficult to separate the two using traditional fluorescence spectroscopy (Matthews et al 1996;Wild et al 2000). Although both are within the green-blue range, humic acid emission wavelengths are slightly longer towards the green end of the spectrum (Ramseyer et al 1997).…”

Section: Application Of Spectral Luminescence Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pioneered by Isdale (1984), a number of techniques have been developed to measure the varying intensity of luminescence in coral skeletons and references therein; electronic supplemental material, ESM). Variability in emission intensities was first thought to be caused by the incorporation of luminescent humic acids and soil-derived organic compounds introduced by seasonal river runoff (Isdale 1984;Susic and Boto 1989;Susic et al 1991;Matthews et al 1996;Isdale et al 1998;Wild et al 2000). Changing coral density and architecture has been proposed as another cause since massive corals form a skeleton of luminescent aragonite (MacRae and Wilson 2008), and banded luminescence is also found in corals in oceanic environments devoid of terrestrial inputs (Barnes and Taylor 2001a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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River runoff reconstructions from novel spectral luminescence scanning of massive coral skeletons

et al. 2010

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Inshore massive corals often display bright luminescent lines that have been linked to river flood plumes into coastal catchments and hence have the potential to provide a long-term record of hinterland precipitation. Coral luminescence is thought to result from the incorporation of soil-derived humic acids transported to the reef during major flood events. Corals far from terrestrial sources generally only exhibit dull relatively broad luminescence bands, which are attributed to seasonal changes in coral density. We therefore tested the hypothesis that spectral ratios rather than conventional luminescence intensity provide a quantitative proxy record of river runoff without the confounding effects of seasonal density changes. For this purpose, we have developed a new, rapid spectral luminescence scanning (SLS) technique that splits emission intensities into red, green and blue domains (RGB) for entire cores with an unprecedented linear resolution of 71.4 lm. Since humic acids have longer emission wavelength than the coral aragonite, normalisation of spectral emissions should yield a sensitive optical humic acid/aragonite ratio for humic acid runoff, i.e., G/B ratio. Indeed, G/B ratios rather than intensities are well correlated with Ba/Ca, a geochemical coral proxy for sediment runoff, and with rainfall data, as exemplified for coral records from Madagascar. Coral cores also display recent declining trends in luminescence intensity, which are also reported in corals elsewhere. Such trends appear to be associated with a modern decline in skeletal densities. By contrast, G/B spectral ratios not only mark the impact of individual cyclones but also imply that humic acid runoff 123Coral Reefs (2010) 29:579-591 DOI 10.1007/s00338-010-0629-y increased in Madagascar over the past few decades while coral skeletal densities decreased. Consequently, the SLS technique deconvolves the long-term interplay between humic acid incorporation and coral density that have confounded earlier attempts to use luminescence intensities as a proxy for river runoff.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Application Of Spectral Luminescence Ratiosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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River runoff reconstructions from novel spectral luminescence scanning of massive coral skeletons

et al. 2010

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“…In the field of membrane science, it is useful for the detection of HA and other organic matter present in fouled membranes. The use of EEM technique demonstrated that changes in a sample, containing HA, proteins, etc., can considerably change the intensity distribution of the fluorescence spectra, particularly if strong adsorbant non-fluorescent species are present [132]. Solid sample slices are directly mounted in the sample compartment of the spectrofluorimeter.…”

Section: Excitation Emission-matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Eem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Solid sample slices are directly mounted in the sample compartment of the spectrofluorimeter. More details on sample preparation and method can be found in [132,133]. To date there has been no MD, OD or OMD research study in which this technique has been applied.…”

Section: Excitation Emission-matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopy (Eem)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fouling in Membrane Distillation, Osmotic Distillation and Osmotic Membrane Distillation

et al. 2017

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Various membrane separation processes are being used for seawater desalination and treatment of wastewaters in order to deal with the worldwide water shortage problem. Different types of membranes of distinct morphologies, structures and physico-chemical characteristics are employed. Among the considered membrane technologies, membrane distillation (MD), osmotic distillation (OD) and osmotic membrane distillation (OMD) use porous and hydrophobic membranes for production of distilled water and/or concentration of wastewaters for recovery and recycling of valuable compounds. However, the efficiency of these technologies is hampered by fouling phenomena. This refers to the accumulation of organic/inorganic deposits including biological matter on the membrane surface and/or in the membrane pores. Fouling in MD, OD and OMD differs from that observed in electric and pressure-driven membrane processes such electrodialysis (ED), membrane capacitive deionization (MCD), reverse osmosis (RO), nanofiltration (NF), ultrafiltration (UF), microfiltration (MF), etc. Other than pore blockage, fouling in MD, OD and OMD increases the risk of membrane pores wetting and reduces therefore the quantity and quality of the produced water or the concentration efficiency of the process. This review deals with the observed fouling phenomena in MD, OD and OMD. It highlights different detected fouling types (organic fouling, inorganic fouling and biofouling), fouling characterization techniques as well as various methods of fouling reduction including pretreatment, membrane modification, membrane cleaning and antiscalants application.

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Comparison of the luminescence properties of waters depositing flowstone and stalagmites at Lower Cave, Bristol

Baker

Barnes

1998

Hydrol. Process.

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Excitation-emission-matrix fluorescence spectroscopy applied to humic acid bands in coral reefs

Cited by 136 publications

References 28 publications

River runoff reconstructions from novel spectral luminescence scanning of massive coral skeletons

River runoff reconstructions from novel spectral luminescence scanning of massive coral skeletons

Fouling in Membrane Distillation, Osmotic Distillation and Osmotic Membrane Distillation

Comparison of the luminescence properties of waters depositing flowstone and stalagmites at Lower Cave, Bristol

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