The new model of the short-term exchange rate dynamics was constructed. First of all, the most interesting were the reasons of the deviation from the medium-term equilibrium. The author's IFEER-concept (International Flows Equilibrium Exchange Rate) was used as a base and it was developed. In this study, due to the short-term modeling period the differential approach was applied. The result was an integrated version of the exchange rate dynamics model. The main result of mathematical modeling is a nonlinear multi-factor functional dependence of the exchange rate. The result dynamic functional dependence differs from the previous medium-term dependencies by the type of the internal dynamic function. Economically, this function in the short-term period is responsible for explosive changes in the exchange rate dynamics. The basis for mathematical modeling was the system of fundamental economic factors that affect the dynamics of the exchange rate. The influence of crisis events on the Russian financial market in the short term was studied. The conducted research allowed us to analyze and evaluate the quantitative impact of the shortterm effects of the dynamics of the exchange rate of the Russian ruble to the US dollar.