Excessive weight gain during pregnancy and risk of macrosomia: a meta-analysis

Tian, Chao-Qing; Hu, Chengwen; He, Xiu-Jie; Zhu, Meng; Qin, Fengyun; Liu, Yue; Hu, Chuanlai

doi:10.1007/s00404-015-3825-8

Cited by 45 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…A meta-analysis among 13 that, as compared to normal maternal pre-pregnancy weight, maternal pre-pregnancy obesity was associated with a 2-fold higher risk of delivering larger sized gestational age infants [17] . Similarly, a meta-analysis among 15 cohort and case-control studies showed that excessive gestational weight gain based on the IOM criteria was associated with a 2-fold higher risk of macrosomia [18] . Based on studies that assessed the associations of gestational weight gain during specific periods of pregnancy, it appears that higher second and third trimester maternal weight gain are especially associated with an increased risk of delivering larger sizes of gestational age infants [19,20] .…”

Section: Fetal Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Health Consequences of Maternal Obesity during Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

Gaillard

Santos²,

Duijts

et al. 2016

Ann Nutr Metab

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Background: Obesity is a major public health problem among women of reproductive age. In a narrative review, we examined the influence of maternal obesity during pregnancy on fetal outcomes and childhood adiposity, cardio-metabolic, respiratory and cognitive-related health outcomes. We discuss results from recent studies, the causality and potential underlying mechanisms of observed associations and challenges for future epidemiological studies. Summary: Evidence from observational studies strongly suggests that maternal pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain are associated with increased risks of fetal pregnancy complications and adverse childhood cardio-metabolic, respiratory and cognitive-related health outcomes. It remains unclear whether these associations are due to intrauterine mechanisms or explained by confounding family-based sociodemographic, lifestyle and genetic factors. The underlying mechanisms have mainly been assessed in animal studies and small human studies, and are yet to be further explored in large human studies. Key Message: Maternal obesity is an important modifiable factor during pregnancy that is associated with a variety of adverse offspring health outcomes. Further studies are needed to explore the causality and underlying mechanisms of the observed associations. Ultimately, preventive strategies focused on reducing maternal obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy may reduce common diseases in future generations.

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Section: Fetal Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Childhood Health Consequences of Maternal Obesity during Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

Gaillard

Santos²,

Duijts

et al. 2016

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…A multitude of studies have evaluated weight gain in pregnancy among BMI categories and the association with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the results of this current literature have been inconsistent in the report of outcomes associated with adherence to these guidelines. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] Keywords ► adverse pregnancy outcomes ► BMI ► gestational weight gain ► institute of medicine Abstract Background It is unclear how adherence to the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) guidelines for weight gain affects pregnancy outcomes. Objectives We investigated how weight gain outside the IOM's recommendations affects the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A multitude of studies have evaluated weight gain in pregnancy among BMI categories and the association with adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the results of this current literature have been inconsistent in the report of outcomes associated with adherence to these guidelines. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] In this study, we aimed to evaluate the characteristics of women in early pregnancy in regards to BMI as well as their pattern of weight gain throughout pregnancy (inadequate, appropriate or excessive weight gain) as defined by the IOM. We hypothesized that our population would be composed of more overweight and obese patients and that the majority of patients would not gain within the recommended IOM guidelines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gestational Weight Gain: Association with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

et al. 2016

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It is unclear how adherence to the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) guidelines for weight gain affects pregnancy outcomes. We investigated how weight gain outside the IOM's recommendations affects the risks of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study including singleton, nonanomalous fetuses. The risks of small for gestational age (SGA), macrosomia, preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, gestational diabetes, or preterm birth were calculated for patients who gained weight below or above the IOM's recommendations based on body mass index category. A time-to-event analysis was performed to account for gestational age at delivery. A Cox proportional model was fit to estimate hazard ratios accounting for possible confounders. Women who gained weight below recommendations were 2.5 times more likely to deliver SGA and twice as likely to deliver preterm. Normal-weight patients who gained below recommendations were 2.5 times more likely to deliver SGA and twice as likely to deliver preterm. Obese patients who gained inadequate weight were 2.5 times more likely to deliver SGA. Among normal-weight patients, adhering to IOM recommendations may prevent growth abnormalities and preterm delivery. Among obese patients, a minimum weight gain requirement may prevent SGA infants.

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“…In their study IVS thickness ≥4 mm had sensitivity of 82%, specificity of 22% and with IVS thickness ≥5mm had sensitivity of 53% and specificity of 87%. 9 Karim et al reported that post maturity was associated with macrosomia.…”

Section: Interventricular Septal Thicknessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study on sonographic measurement of umbilical cord thickness, foetal fat layer, interventricular septal thickness as predictors of macrosomia in fetus of women with gestational diabetes mellitus

Janani

Vimala

Gayathri

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: The objectives of the study were to evaluate the Prediction of foetal macrosomia based on sonographic measurements of foetal fat layer, Interventricular septal thickness and umbilical cord thickness in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus at term.Methods: After assessment of inclusion and exclusion criteria 100 antenatal women of gestational age more than 37 weeks selected for study in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupananda variyar medical college and hospital, Salem. Participants underwent a third trimester scan and three extra measurements i.e. Umbilical cord thickness, Interventricular septal thickness and foetal fat layer are measured in addition to the normal examination.Results: In present study umbilical cord thickness had good sensitivity and negative predictive value. Hence, if umbilical cord thickness is less than 90th centile the chance of macrosomia is less, the cut off of foetal fat layer ≥5 mm as predictor of macrosomia had sensitivity of 84.2% and specificity of 86.4% and cut off of Interventricular septal thickness ≥3.9mm as a predictor of macrosomia had sensitivity of 84.2%, specificity of 64.2%, negative predictive value of 95.9%. Thus, interventricular septal thickness and foetal fat layer is a reliable predictor of macrosomia.Conclusions: From this study authors concluded that Umbilical cord thickness, foetal fat layer and Interventricular septal thickness are good predictors of foetal macrosomia. In the assessment of risk of macrosomia in addition to the ultrasonographic measurements the clinical risk factors must be considered.

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Excessive weight gain during pregnancy and risk of macrosomia: a meta-analysis

Abstract: Our meta-analysis indicated that excessive gestational weight gain might increase the risk of macrosomia.

Cited by 45 publications

References 39 publications

Childhood Health Consequences of Maternal Obesity during Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

Childhood Health Consequences of Maternal Obesity during Pregnancy: A Narrative Review

Gestational Weight Gain: Association with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes

Prospective study on sonographic measurement of umbilical cord thickness, foetal fat layer, interventricular septal thickness as predictors of macrosomia in fetus of women with gestational diabetes mellitus

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