Excess mortality attributable to hip fracture in white women aged 70 years and older.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to estimate the excess mortality attributable to hip fracture. METHODS: The 6-year survival rate of community-dwelling White female hip fracture patients aged 70 years and older entering one of seven hospitals from 1984 to 1986 (n = 578) was compared with that of White female respondents aged 70 years and older interviewed in 1984 for the Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 3773). RESULTS: After age, education, comorbidity, and functional impairment were controlled, the mortality differential between the two groups accumulated to an excess among hip fracture patients of 9 deaths per 100 women 5 years postfracture. Among those with three or more functional impairments or one or more comorbidities, the excess was 7 deaths per 100: the effect of the fracture had disappeared in these groups by 4 years. In contrast, those with two or fewer impairments and those with no comorbidities had a continuing trend of increased mortality, with an excess of 14 deaths per 100 by 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: There is an immediate increase in mortality following a hip fracture in medically ill and functionally impaired patients, whereas among those with no comorbidities and few impairments, there is a gradual increase in mortality that continues for 5 years postfracture.

Do Higher Hospital-wide Nurse Staffing Levels Reduce In-hospital Mortality in Elderly Patients with Hip Fractures: A Pilot Study

“…Hip fractures are common, debilitating, and often deadly among the elderly [23]. It is not unusual for an elderly patient with a hip fracture to be admitted to the hospital for treatment of an isolated hip injury, only to sustain complications leading to death.…”

Excess mortality following hip fracture: the role of underlying health status

“…It appears that the hazard of death is greater immediately after the hip fracture and declines with time thereafter (7). Although studies that have examined short-vs. long-term mortality almost always have noted higher mortality within the first 6-12 months following the fracture (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), the extent to which longterm mortality is associated with hip fracture remains controversial. Some studies show persistent increased mortality (8,12,14,15), while others suggest either no long-term elevated mortality (9) or only modestly elevated long-term mortality relative to that expected in older individuals (10,11,13,16,17).…”

A Case of Atraumatic Fracture Resulting from Physical Restraint in an Elderly Woman

“…The first biological agent denosumab, a fully human monoclonal RANKL antibody, inhibits osteoblast activation by preventing binding of RANKL to RANK. In FREEDOM trial, denosumab significantly reduced vertebral fractures, hip fractures and nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women aged 60 to 90 years old with lumber spine or total hip BMD T scores less than -2.5 but more than -4.0 [7][8][9][10].…”