Excess Heat Factor climatology, trends, and exposure across European Functional Urban Areas

Oliveira, Ana; Lopes, António; Soares, Amílcar

doi:10.1016/j.wace.2022.100455

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Projected changes and environmental and health risks in the Mediterranean region were especially highlighted in the last report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), released on 28 February 2022 [64]. Recent research studies point towards the greater exposure of the population to heat-related risk in the southern European Mediterranean region [65]. Moreover, urban areas of the eastern Mediterranean, such as Athens, belong to the top-ranked European cities with regards to future heat-related risk [27,32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extreme HWs like HW2021 will very likely be more frequent in the area in the coming decades, threatening humans and ecosystems [3][4][5]15]. Fire risk may be exacerbated from combined projected droughts and hot conditions, along with the exposure of humans to heat-related stress [7,[28][29][30][31]65]. The high, record-breaking nighttime and all-day temperatures in Athens during HW2021 underline the increased vulnerability of urban populations to thermal risk [66].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Extreme Heat Wave of Summer 2021 in Athens (Greece): Cumulative Heat and Exposure to Heat Stress

et al. 2022

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The Mediterranean has been identified as a ‘climate change hot spot’, already experiencing faster warming rates than the global average, along with an increased occurrence of heat waves (HWs), prolonged droughts, and forest fires. During summer 2021, the Mediterranean faced prolonged and severe HWs, triggering hundreds of wildfires across the region. Greece, in particular, was hit by one of the most intense HWs in its modern history, with national all-time record temperatures being observed from 28 July to 6 August 2021. The HW was associated with extreme wildfires in many parts of the country, with catastrophic environmental and societal consequences. The study accentuated the rarity and special characteristics of this HW (HW2021) through the analysis of the historical climate record of the National Observatory of Athens (NOA) on a centennial time scale and comparison with previous HWs. The findings showed that HW2021 was ranked first in terms of persistence (with a total duration of 10 days) and highest observed nighttime temperatures, as well as ‘cumulative heat’, accounting for both the duration and intensity of the event. Exceptionally hot conditions during nighttime were intensified by the urban heat island effect in the city of Athens. Human exposure to heat-related stress during the event was further assessed by the use of bioclimatic indices such as the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI). The study points to the interconnected climate risks in the area and especially to the increased exposure of urban populations to conditions of heat stress, due to the additive urban effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Extreme Heat Wave of Summer 2021 in Athens (Greece): Cumulative Heat and Exposure to Heat Stress

et al. 2022

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“…The thermal drop analysis between the cell temperature 𝑇 C 𝑉𝑂𝐶 and the temperature measured in the back sheet of the module 𝑇 C 𝑅𝐸𝐴𝑅 suggests that the ultimate reason for the 𝑀𝑀𝐿 increase must be related to the overall internal heat flux discrepancy in the whole PV generator between its different points, as a consequence of the wind interaction with it. Considering that the consequences of the climatic change are occurring faster than expected years before 33,34 , the increase of the heatwave frequency for the next decades in the Iberian Peninsula 35 must also affect the wind patterns behaviour. As the typical lifespan of a PV power plant may last some decades, this must represent an important uncertainty source to ensure the reliability of the PV plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy losses in photovoltaic generators due to the wind patterns

Rossa

2023

Preprint

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Wind patterns play a key role in the energy production of the photovoltaic power plant. The heat flux from the photovoltaic generator surface to the air varies while the air flux develops from a laminar to a turbulent regime. The decrease of the heat transfer coefficient with the air flux development makes the temperature in the turbulent zone remain high. This increases the temperature dispersion inside the whole photovoltaic generator up to 14 °C1 , slightly increasing the mismatch losses2 . However, the impact of wind patterns on big PV generators remains unknown. It is demonstrated that the wind speed increase is responsible for the mismatch losses increase. Benefits of photovoltaic cooling, usually composed by a single module3–9 , are commonly assumed to be the same in photovoltaic generators. Contrarily to this common belief, the consequent overall thermal behaviour due to the wind speed affects negatively energy production. Considering both the long-term energy estimations and lifespan of a photovoltaic power plant, these experimental results suggest that the wind patterns cannot be neglected, especially in the next years due to the climatic change.

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“…In addition, the annual maximum Heatwave Severity (HWS) was calculated – the motivation to add this sixth metric is based on the fact that EHF is a percentile-based index, hence, its intensity is strongly biased by the local-specific temperature variability. Accordingly, for comparison purposes, a normalised version of the absolute EHF intensity must be conducted, by dividing HWA by the 85th percentile of the positive EHF days - details regarding HWS trends obtained from this dataset are described in the source scientific publication [9] , and follows the rationale depicted in a previous study [10] .…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual summaries dataset of Heatwaves in Europe, as defined by the Excess Heat Factor

2022

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Excess Heat Factor climatology, trends, and exposure across European Functional Urban Areas

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

The Extreme Heat Wave of Summer 2021 in Athens (Greece): Cumulative Heat and Exposure to Heat Stress

The Extreme Heat Wave of Summer 2021 in Athens (Greece): Cumulative Heat and Exposure to Heat Stress

Energy losses in photovoltaic generators due to the wind patterns

Annual summaries dataset of Heatwaves in Europe, as defined by the Excess Heat Factor

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