Examining the changing profile of undernutrition in the context of food price rises and greater inequality

Nandy, Shailen; Daoud, Adel; Gordon, David

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.11.036

Cited by 87 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…It is understood that economic prosperity bolsters food security, and in contrast economic and political shocks undermine such gains 4,7,17,20,21,22,23,24,25 . Recently, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reported that undernourishment at a global level, after years of decline, increased from 2015 to 2016 due to the economic and political crises that occurred in many developing countries 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although financial and political crises having a negative impact on food security is consensus in academia 2,32,33 , current studies provide snapshots rather than continuous assessments of food security status in affected countries 4,7,21,25,34 . In the case of Brazil, there are still no studies on the effects of this crisis on national food security status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Food security status in times of financial and political crisis in Brazil

et al. 2019

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This study sought to describe the changes in the food security status in Brazil before and during its most recent financial and political crisis, as well as to explore associations between food security and socioeconomic factors during the crisis. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from two different sources: the Brazilian National Household Sample Survey for 2004 (n = 112,479), 2009 (n = 120,910), and 2013 (n = 116,192); and the Gallup World Poll for 2015 (n = 1,004), 2016 (n = 1,002), and 2017 (n = 1,001). Household food security status was measured by a shorter version of the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, consisting of the first 8 questions of the original 14-item scale. Descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the changes in food security and their association with socioeconomic factors. Results suggest that during the crisis the percentage of households classified as food secure declined by one third (76% in 2013 to 49% in 2017) while severe food insecurity tripled (4% in 2013 to 12% in 2017). Whereas before the crisis (2013) 44% of the poorest households were food secure, by 2017 this decreased to 26%. Household income per capita was strongly associated with food security, increasing by six times the chances of being food insecure among the poorest strata. Those who reported a low job climate, social support or level of education were twice as likely to be food insecure. Despite significant improvements between 2004 and 2013, findings indicate that during the crisis Brazil suffered from a great deterioration of food security, highlighting the need for emergency policies to protect and guarantee access to food for the most vulnerable.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food security status in times of financial and political crisis in Brazil

et al. 2019

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“…Educational attainment is a reliable indicator of parents' earning and socioeconomic class (14), and thus, households' ability to withstand economic change (15)(16)(17)(18). As a tool to promote development, governments provide free or low-cost education.…”

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confidence: 99%

Impact of International Monetary Fund programs on child health

Daoud

Nosrati

Reinsberg

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Parental education is located at the center of global efforts to improve child health. In a developing-country context, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) plays a crucial role in determining how governments allocate scarce resources to education and public health interventions. Under reforms mandated by IMF structural adjustment programs, it may become harder for parents to reap the benefits of their education due to wage contraction, welfare retrenchment, and generalized social insecurity. This study assesses how the protective effect of education changes under IMF programs, and thus how parents' ability to guard their children's health is affected by structural adjustment. We combine cross-sectional stratified data (countries, 67; children, 1,941,734) from the Demographic and Health Surveys and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. The sample represents ∼2.8 billion (about 50%) of the world's population in year 2000. Based on multilevel models, our findings reveal that programs reduce the protective effect of parental education on child health, especially in rural areas. For instance, in the absence of IMF programs, living in an household with educated parents reduces the odds of child malnourishment by 38% [odds ratio (OR), 0.62; 95% CI, 0.66-0.58]; in the presence of programs, this drops to 21% (OR, 0.79; 95% CI,. In other words, the presence of IMF conditionality decreases the protective effect of parents' education on child malnourishment by no less than 17%. We observe similar adverse effects in sanitation, shelter, and health care access (including immunization), but a beneficial effect in countering water deprivation.International Monetary Fund | education | child health | development | structural adjustment

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“…Significant proportions of Surinamese households possess an increased risk of poor diet quality through reduced intakes of high-quality foods such as fruits, vegetables, lean meat and fatty fish. This reduces the protective health benefits of high-quality foods towards the incidence of NCDs, and increases the risk of micro-and macronutrient deficiencies, especially among populations that are already subject to food/nutrition insecurity [35]. As an example, we witnessed reductions in intake of animal source foods and small substitutions with either more vegetables or roots and tubers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the Devaluation of the Surinamese Dollar (2015 –2016) on Food Intake in Suriname

Gerani¹,

D’Haese²,

John³

2019

IJFSNR

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Objective: A currency devaluation influences food prices and populations' diet, especially in developing countries and within poorer households, resulting in the consumption of cheaper, and therefore often lower quality diets. Reduced consumption of high-quality foods restrains the protective health benefits of these foods towards the incidence of NCDs, and increases the risk of micro-and macronutrient deficiencies among populations that are already subject to food and nutrition insecurity. Despite global evidence of higher food prices directly affecting populations' health status, and as such possibly jeopardizing economic performance and rural development, there has been no research conducted on the effect of rising food prices on food intake in Suriname yet. As such, the objective of this study was to assemble primary food consumption data, with respect to pre-and post-devaluation food intake patterns of Surinamese households. This with the goal to report changes in post-devaluation dietary intake, in order to better comprehend the future implications for health, facilitating evidence-based policy development and nutrition intervention planning. Results: Higher food prices resulted in low,-middle-and high-income groups increasing the expenditures on food (p <0.01). Reductions in the proportion of households' significantly lowering the post-devaluation intake of high-quality foods, such as fruits, vegetables, lean meat and fatty fish were observed (p<0.01). Furthermore, changes in the intake of low-quality foods were witnessed as well, with proportions of households significantly reducing the intake of discretionary foods and terminating eating out-of-home (p <0.01). Conclusion: The fall of the Surinamese currency, in combination with country's dependency on imported foods, increased local food prices and with salaries remaining the same, resulted in both lower-and higherincome households increasing their food expenditures. Post-devaluation changes in regular dietary pattern and food intake enrolled, with a significant reduction in the consumption of high-quality foods being noticed, especially within lower-economic households. On the one hand, significant proportions of Surinamese households possess a decreased probability of consuming healthy diets. On the other hand, households with also a significant reduction in the intake of low-quality foods might encounter a beneficial health impact if already coping with overweight and related non-communicable diseases.

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Examining the changing profile of undernutrition in the context of food price rises and greater inequality

Cited by 87 publications

References 10 publications

Food security status in times of financial and political crisis in Brazil

Food security status in times of financial and political crisis in Brazil

Impact of International Monetary Fund programs on child health

The impact of the Devaluation of the Surinamese Dollar (2015 –2016) on Food Intake in Suriname

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