Examination of the association between male gender and preterm delivery

Brettell, Rachel; Yeh, Peter; Impey, Lawrence

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2008.07.030

Cited by 69 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Our finding that male fetuses are at increased risk for prematurity is in concordance with previous studies [2][3][4][5]12]. While some of these studies reported that this association spans the whole spectrum of prematurity (24-37 weeks, which is similar to our findings) [3,12], others found that the increased risk is limited to specific gestational age groups (533 weeks [4], 28-37 weeks [5]).…”

Section: Prematurity and Gestational Age At Deliverysupporting

confidence: 94%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fetal gender and pregnancy outcome

Melamed¹,

Yogev²,

Glezerman³

2009

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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Results: Low VCI at the entry was found in 19 patients (0.3% of 6024 screenings). Uterine isthmus had already been opened at the entry in 12 patients. Nine cases of VP and one of low VCI without VP were diagnosed at the entry and consistent until the delivery. Two cases were diagnosed as placenta previa with low VCI at the entry. They progressed to low-lying placenta with VP at delivery due to atrophy of the placenta around the internal os. On the other hand, seven patients were diagnosed as low VCI near the closed isthmus at the entry. Five were diagnosed as low VCI without VP at the delivery, however, two cases of velamentous vessels were descending toward the isthmus with the expansion of the amniotic bag after the opening of the isthmus, resulting in VP at the delivery. Conclusions: Not only atrophy of the placenta previa around os develops VP, but also low VCI occasionally migrates in the direction of the uterine cervix with uterine isthmus opening, resulting in VP. P21.10: Table 1. Ultrasound findings at 20 weeks of gestation at delivery Isthmus open VP (9) VP (9) low VCI (1) low VCI (1) placenta previa with low VCI (2) low placenta with VP (2) Isthmus close low VCI (7) low VCI (5) VP (2) Supporting information can be found in the online version of this abstract P21.11 Third trimester sonographic evaluation of intra-abdominal adhesions in patients with previous Caesarean section Objectives: Post-Caesarean section (CS) adhesions may result in major complications in case of a repeated CS. In an attempt to predict intra-abdominal adhesions before CS, we suggest the use of a novel technique employing simple ultrasound imaging. Methods: The study included pregnant women who underwent one or more CS in their obstetric history and were evaluated during the third trimester of the index pregnancy. We used a sonographic sliding sign of the uterus under the inner part of the fascia of the abdominal muscles. We used two categories: 1) In the absence of sonographic uterine sliding, women were considered to have a high risk for severe adhesions; 2) In the presence of an obvious or moderate uterine sliding, women were considered to have a low risk for adhesions. A comparison between sonographic findings and intra-abdominal adhesions as evaluated by the surgeons during CS was performed. Results: We examined 60 patients with one or more previous CS. Out of the 60 patients 51 had the complete data needed for the study. In 14 out of 18 cases assigned to the high risk for severe adhesions group, the suspicion was confirmed at surgery, with a sensitivity of 77%. In addition, the suspicion for low risk for adhesions was confirmed in 32 out of 35 patients, with a specificity of 91%. The inter and intra-observer correlation using Cohen's Kappa (k) were 0.52 and 0.77 respectively. Conclusions: Our data shows that a simple sonographic sign might predict both high and low risk for intra-abdominal adhesions in patients who underwent previous CS. This new technique may assist clinical decisions regarding repeated Caesarean section app...

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Section: Prematurity and Gestational Age At Deliverysupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Thus, women carrying a male fetus have been reported to be at increased risk for preterm delivery [2][3][4][5], macrosomia [6], gestational diabetes [6], cord complications [6] and cesarean delivery [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal gender and pregnancy outcome

Melamed¹,

Yogev²,

Glezerman³

2009

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

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“…Several studies have shown that male fetuses have a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes including spontaneous abortions (1), miscarriages later in pregnancy (2), stillbirths (3,4), premature rupture of membranes and spontaneous preterm birth (5)(6)(7)(8), gestational diabetes (9), and delivery by cesarean section (7,10,11). In term deliveries, a higher proportion of preeclamptic pregnancies carry a male fetus (5,9), whereas in preterm deliveries the proportion of females from preeclamptic pregnancies is higher (5,10). Female babies are also more likely to be growth restricted than are males (7,9).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Sex Affects Expression of Renin-Angiotensin System Components in Term Human Decidua

et al. 2012

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The maternal decidua expresses the genes of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Human decidua was collected at term either before labor (i.e. cesarean delivery) or after spontaneous labor. The mRNA for prorenin (REN), prorenin receptor (ATP6AP2), angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin-converting enzymes 1 and 2 (ACE1 and ACE2), angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1), and angiotensin 1-7 receptor (MAS1) were measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Decidual explants were cultured in duplicate for 24 and 48 h, and all RAS mRNA, and the secretion of prorenin, angiotensin II, and angiotensin 1-7 was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, ELISA, and radioimmunoassay, respectively. In the decidua collected before labor, REN mRNA levels were higher if the fetus was female. In addition, REN, ATP6AP2, AGT, and MAS1 mRNA abundance was greater in decidual explants collected from women carrying a female fetus, as was prorenin protein. After 24 h, ACE1 mRNA was higher in the decidual explants from women with a male fetus, whereas after 48 h, both ACE1 and ACE2 mRNA was higher in decidual explants from women with a female fetus. Angiotensin II was present in all explants, but angiotensin 1-7 levels often registered below the lower limits of sensitivity for the assay. After labor, decidua, when compared with nonlaboring decidua, demonstrated lower REN expression when the fetus was female. Therefore, the maternal decidual RAS is regulated in a sex-specific manner, suggesting that it may function differently when the fetus is male than when it is female.

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“…Chi-square tests for independence indicated a higher number of male than female preterm children (v 2 (1, n = 88) = 5.503, p = 0.019, phi = À0.250), which reflects the gender prevalence of male preterm birth as stated in previous studies (Brettell, Yeh, & Impey, 2008;Melamed, Yogev, & Glezerman, 2010). Results also showed significant differences between full-term and preterm groups, where preterm children reported more visual problems (v 2 (1, n = 87) = 9.439, p = 0.002, phi = 0.329) and specialized interventions (v 2 (1, n = 87) = 9.166, p = 0.02, phi = 0.325) than full-term children.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 75%

Early childhood development of visual texture segregation in full-term and preterm children

et al. 2015

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To date, very little is known about the normal development trajectory of visual texture segregation, or how it is affected by preterm birth. The goal of this study was to characterize the development of visual texture segregation using texture segregation visual evoked potentials (tsVEPs) in children born full-term and children born preterm without major neurological impairment. Forty-five full-term and 43 preterm children were tested at either 12, 24 or 36 months of age (corrected age for prematurity at 12 and 24 months old). VEPs were obtained using two lower-level stimuli defined by orientation (oriVEP) and two higher-level stimuli defined by texture (texVEP). TsVEP was obtained by dividing by two the subtraction of oriVEP from texVEP. Results show a clear maturation of the processes underlying visual texture segregation in the full-term group, with a significant N2 latency reduction between 12 and 36 months of age for all conditions. Significant N2 amplitude reduction was observed for oriVEP between 12 and 24 months, as well as for texVEP between 12 and 24 months, and 12 and 36 months. Comparison between full-term and preterm children indicated significantly lower N2 amplitude for the preterm group at 12 months for oriVEP and texVEP. These differences were no longer apparent at 24 months of age, suggesting that children born preterm catch up with their full-term counterparts somewhere between 12 and 24 months of age. Our results appear to reflect a maturational delay in preterm children in both lower-level and higher-level visual processing during, at least, early childhood.

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Examination of the association between male gender and preterm delivery

Cited by 69 publications

References 13 publications

Fetal gender and pregnancy outcome

Fetal gender and pregnancy outcome

Fetal Sex Affects Expression of Renin-Angiotensin System Components in Term Human Decidua

Early childhood development of visual texture segregation in full-term and preterm children

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