Fetal gender and pregnancy outcome

Abstract

Results: Low VCI at the entry was found in 19 patients (0.3% of 6024 screenings). Uterine isthmus had already been opened at the entry in 12 patients. Nine cases of VP and one of low VCI without VP were diagnosed at the entry and consistent until the delivery. Two cases were diagnosed as placenta previa with low VCI at the entry. They progressed to low-lying placenta with VP at delivery due to atrophy of the placenta around the internal os. On the other hand, seven patients were diagnosed as low VCI near the closed isthmus at the entry. Five were diagnosed as low VCI without VP at the delivery, however, two cases of velamentous vessels were descending toward the isthmus with the expansion of the amniotic bag after the opening of the isthmus, resulting in VP at the delivery. Conclusions: Not only atrophy of the placenta previa around os develops VP, but also low VCI occasionally migrates in the direction of the uterine cervix with uterine isthmus opening, resulting in VP. P21.10: Table 1. Ultrasound findings at 20 weeks of gestation at delivery Isthmus open VP (9) VP (9) low VCI (1) low VCI (1) placenta previa with low VCI (2) low placenta with VP (2) Isthmus close low VCI (7) low VCI (5) VP (2) Supporting information can be found in the online version of this abstract P21.11 Third trimester sonographic evaluation of intra-abdominal adhesions in patients with previous Caesarean section Objectives: Post-Caesarean section (CS) adhesions may result in major complications in case of a repeated CS. In an attempt to predict intra-abdominal adhesions before CS, we suggest the use of a novel technique employing simple ultrasound imaging. Methods: The study included pregnant women who underwent one or more CS in their obstetric history and were evaluated during the third trimester of the index pregnancy. We used a sonographic sliding sign of the uterus under the inner part of the fascia of the abdominal muscles. We used two categories: 1) In the absence of sonographic uterine sliding, women were considered to have a high risk for severe adhesions; 2) In the presence of an obvious or moderate uterine sliding, women were considered to have a low risk for adhesions. A comparison between sonographic findings and intra-abdominal adhesions as evaluated by the surgeons during CS was performed. Results: We examined 60 patients with one or more previous CS. Out of the 60 patients 51 had the complete data needed for the study. In 14 out of 18 cases assigned to the high risk for severe adhesions group, the suspicion was confirmed at surgery, with a sensitivity of 77%. In addition, the suspicion for low risk for adhesions was confirmed in 32 out of 35 patients, with a specificity of 91%. The inter and intra-observer correlation using Cohen's Kappa (k) were 0.52 and 0.77 respectively. Conclusions: Our data shows that a simple sonographic sign might predict both high and low risk for intra-abdominal adhesions in patients who underwent previous CS. This new technique may assist clinical decisions regarding repeated Caesarean section app...

Foetal Gender and Obstetric Outcome

“…Khalil (2013) and demonstrate that male foetuses have a higher vulnerability in the perinatal phase and a high obstetric risk [7,10,11]. The high tendency towards premature births or, respectively, the higher rate of preterm births for boys revealed by these data confirms the results of previous studies [2,3,6,7]. Di Renzo et al assumed that the higher incidences of premature rupture of membranes and preterm births among boys can be attributed to their relatively higher weights and lower gestational ages [7].…”

“…Various studies have shown that placental dysfunctions, especially severe pre-eclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation, occur significantly more frequently in pregnancies involving a male foetus. The placentas of male foetuses exhibit significantly higher rates of deciduitis and velamentous navel insertions as well as a significantly lower incidence of placental infarction than the placenta of female foetuses [2][3][4][5][6]. In the mothers of male infants, in comparison to the mothers of female babies, higher incidences of premature rupture of membranes and premature births can be observed [7].…”

Impact of some risk factors on neonatal IUGR incidence and outcome in NICU at Al-Sadder teaching hospital, Misan, Iraq 2016

“…Worldwide, the preterm birth currently accounts for 9.6% of births; moreover, the higher incidence of prematurity was in developing countries [13]. Male admission to NICU for both IUGR and AGA was higher than female which indicates male sex fragility and vulnerability to different hazards that necessitates NICU admission our result agreed with a study from Bangladesh [14].Furthermore, the male predominance for IUGR agreed by a study in Ohio (USA) 2004 [15] while disagreed with Melamed study, which Indicates a female predominance [16]As premature babies (<37 weeks of gestation ) usually had birth weight < 2.5 kg, therefor, neonates of low birth weight after adjustment for gestational age, most of them actually are premature but with appropriate weight AGA this explain the higher incidence of AGA in 28-32weeks (35.3%). While for IUGR group, the higher incidence category period was between 33-36weeks (21%) explained by the fact that, birth weight in this gestational period (mid and late 3 rd trimester) of <2.5 Kg.…”

Early childhood development of visual texture segregation in full-term and preterm children

“…Chi-square tests for independence indicated a higher number of male than female preterm children (v 2 (1, n = 88) = 5.503, p = 0.019, phi = À0.250), which reflects the gender prevalence of male preterm birth as stated in previous studies (Brettell, Yeh, & Impey, 2008;Melamed, Yogev, & Glezerman, 2010). Results also showed significant differences between full-term and preterm groups, where preterm children reported more visual problems (v 2 (1, n = 87) = 9.439, p = 0.002, phi = 0.329) and specialized interventions (v 2 (1, n = 87) = 9.166, p = 0.02, phi = 0.325) than full-term children.…”