EXACON: A Fortran 77 Program for the Exact Analysis of Single Cells in a Contingency Table

Bergman, Lars R.; El-Khouri, Bassam

doi:10.1177/0013164487471024

Cited by 98 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…To test the hypotheses, the observed frequency in each cell was compared with the frequency that should be expected by chance alone, and one-tailed probabilities were computed according to the fixed-margins model using EXACON (Bergman & El-Khouri, 1987).…”

Section: Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Personal Standards in Clinically Significant Perfectionism. A Person-Oriented Approach to the Study of Patterns of Perfectionism

2007

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Clinically significant perfectionism is defined as patterns of perfectionism which are over-represented in clinical samples and under-represented in non-clinical samples. The present study contrasted two hypotheses about what characterizes clinically significant perfectionism: the two-factor theory and perfectionism/acceptance theory. First, a person-oriented approach by means of cluster analysis was used to identify typical patterns of perfectionism. These clusters were then cross-tabulated with two clinical samples (patients with social phobia and patients with panic disorder) and a non-clinical sample. The results showed that patterns of clinically significant perfectionism combined high Concern over Mistakes (CM) and Doubts about Action (DA) with high Personal Standards (PS) (and to a lesser extent also high Organization)--which is consistent with perfectionism/acceptance theory, but at odds with the twofactor theory. The results illustrate the value of a person-oriented methodological approach as a complement to the traditional variable-oriented approach.

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Section: Cluster Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Personal Standards in Clinically Significant Perfectionism. A Person-Oriented Approach to the Study of Patterns of Perfectionism

2007

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“…The gender distribution in the ten clusters is shown in Table 3. To test the hypothesis that girls would be overrepresented in the depression-related clusters, the observed frequency was compared with the frequency that should be expected by chance alone, and one-tailed probabilities were computed according to the fixed-margins model using EXACON [33]. The results showed that the girls were overrepresented in both the Depression cluster (observed frequency 20, expected frequency 13.5, χ 2 = 3.13, P = .009) and in the Mild/moderate depression cluster (observed frequency 53, expected frequency 40.5, χ 2 = 3.86, P = .003).…”

Section: Gender Comparison Between the Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfectionism and Acceptance

Lundh

2004

Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy

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The associations between depressive symptoms and deliberate self-harm were studied by means of a 2-wave longitudinal design in a community sample of 1052 young adolescents, with longitudinal data for 83.6% of the sample. Evidence was found for a bidirectional relationship in girls, with depressive symptoms being a risk factor for increased self-harm one year later and self-harm a risk factor for increased depressive symptoms. Cluster analysis of profiles of depressive symptoms led to the identification of two clusters with clear depressive profiles (one severe, the other mild/moderate) which were both characterized by an overrepresentation of girls and elevated levels of self-harm. Clusters with more circumscribed problems were also identified; of these, significantly increased levels of self-harm were found in a cluster characterized by negative self-image and in a cluster characterized by dysphoric relations to parents. It is suggested that self-harm serves more to regulate negative self-related feelings than sadness.

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“…The clusters significantly related to social network centrality [ 2 (10, 184) = 20.58, p < .05]. The overall relationship was probed with Fisher's exact probability (FEP) tests, which provide cell-specific probabilities (Bergman and El-Khouri, 1987). These tests showed that three cells drove the effect.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneity in the Relationship Between Popularity and Aggression: Individual, Group, and Classroom Influences

Estell

Farmer

Pearl³

et al. 2003

New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development

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EXACON: A Fortran 77 Program for the Exact Analysis of Single Cells in a Contingency Table

Cited by 98 publications

References 7 publications

The Role of Personal Standards in Clinically Significant Perfectionism. A Person-Oriented Approach to the Study of Patterns of Perfectionism

The Role of Personal Standards in Clinically Significant Perfectionism. A Person-Oriented Approach to the Study of Patterns of Perfectionism

Perfectionism and Acceptance

Heterogeneity in the Relationship Between Popularity and Aggression: Individual, Group, and Classroom Influences

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