Ex-Post Coping Strategies of Rural Households in Thailand and Vietnam

Tongruksawattana, Songporne; Junge, Vera; Waibel, Hermann; Diez, Javier Revilla; Schmidt, Erich

doi:10.1057/9780230306622_9

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Hmong and Dao peoples also rely more heavily on borrowed money, which implies a higher degree of financial hardship of the households, which potentially reduces the adaptive capacity of households in the face of adverse climatic conditions and events [40]. In order to improve households' capacity and reduce the vulnerable level in climate-changing conditions, local governments could facilitate diversification through the development of off-farm employment opportunities, value-added industries such as handicrafts, job migration schemes and small business training [41], with some of those strategies supported by concessional loans programs [40,42]. Social network ratings were found to be potentially important factors in the vulnerability of households, especially in rural and poor areas [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Livelihood Vulnerability of Minority Ethnic Groups to Climate Change: A Case Study from the Northwest Mountainous Regions of Vietnam

et al. 2021

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Climate variability, climate change, and extreme events can compound the vulnerability of people heavily reliant on agriculture. Those with intersecting disadvantages, such as women, the poor, and ethnic minority groups, may be particularly affected. Understanding and assessing diverse vulnerabilities, especially those related to ethnicity, are therefore potentially important to the development of policies and programs aimed at enabling adaptation in such groups. This study uses a livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) method, along with qualitative data analysis, to compare the vulnerability of different smallholder farmers in Son La province, one of the poorest provinces in Vietnam. Data were collected from 240 households, representing four minority ethnic groups. The results indicated that household vulnerability is influenced by factors such as income diversity, debt, organizational membership, support from and awareness by local authorities, access to health services, water resources, and location. Results revealed that two of the ethnic groups’ households were, on average, more vulnerable, particularly regarding livelihood strategies, health, water, housing and productive land, and social network items when compared to the other two ethnic groups. The study shows the need for targeted interventions to reduce the vulnerability of these and similarly placed small ethnic communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing Livelihood Vulnerability of Minority Ethnic Groups to Climate Change: A Case Study from the Northwest Mountainous Regions of Vietnam

et al. 2021

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“…Since risk factors such as alcohol consumption, smoking, and dietary habits are also associated with numerous other diseases, these findings indicate health behavior and education approaches tailored to the region’s specific social ecological characteristics [ 1 , 19 , 47 ]. This includes deeply embedded traditional eating and sanitation practices [ 48 ] and the disease burden now being faced with modernization [ 49 ] and a history of persistent poverty [ 50 ]. The social dynamics of food, as evidenced by food sharing social network analysis, demonstrates this important connection as households with higher overall social connectivity and sharing of fish dishes in Northeast Thailand had increased probability of O. viverrini infection [ 51 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thinking beyond Opisthorchis viverrini for risk of cholangiocarcinoma in the lower Mekong region: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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BackgroundCholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a fatal bile duct cancer associated with infection by the liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini, in the lower Mekong region. Numerous public health interventions have focused on reducing exposure to O. viverrini, but incidence of CCA in the region remains high. While this may indicate the inefficacy of public health interventions due to complex social and cultural factors, it may further indicate other risk factors or interactions with the parasite are important in pathogenesis of CCA. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of described risk factors for CCA in addition to O. viverrini to guide future integrative interventions.Main bodyWe searched five international and seven Thai research databases to identify studies relevant to risk factors for CCA in the lower Mekong region. Selected studies were assessed for risk of bias and quality in terms of study design, population, CCA diagnostic methods, and statistical methods. The final 18 included studies reported numerous risk factors which were grouped into behaviors, socioeconomics, diet, genetics, gender, immune response, other infections, and treatment for O. viverrini. Seventeen risk factors were reported by two or more studies and were assessed with random effects models during meta-analysis. This meta-analysis indicates that the combination of alcohol and smoking (OR = 11.1, 95% CI: 5.63–21.92, P < 0.0001) is most significantly associated with increased risk for CCA and is an even greater risk factor than O. viverrini exposure. This analysis also suggests that family history of cancer, consumption of raw cyprinoid fish, consumption of high nitrate foods, and praziquantel treatment are associated with significantly increased risk. These risk factors may have complex relationships with the host, parasite, or pathogenesis of CCA, and many of these risk factors were found to interact with each other in one or more studies.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that a complex variety of risk factors in addition to O. viverrini infection should be addressed in future public health interventions to reduce CCA in affected regions. In particular, smoking and alcohol use, dietary patterns, and socioeconomic factors should be considered when developing intervention programs to reduce CCA.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s40249-018-0434-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Climate shock adaptation for Kenyan maize-legume farmers: choice, complementarities and substitutions between strategies

Tongruksawattana

Wainaina

2019

Climate and Development

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Ex-Post Coping Strategies of Rural Households in Thailand and Vietnam

Cited by 5 publications

References 15 publications

Assessing Livelihood Vulnerability of Minority Ethnic Groups to Climate Change: A Case Study from the Northwest Mountainous Regions of Vietnam

Assessing Livelihood Vulnerability of Minority Ethnic Groups to Climate Change: A Case Study from the Northwest Mountainous Regions of Vietnam

Thinking beyond Opisthorchis viverrini for risk of cholangiocarcinoma in the lower Mekong region: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Climate shock adaptation for Kenyan maize-legume farmers: choice, complementarities and substitutions between strategies

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