Climate shock adaptation for Kenyan maize-legume farmers: choice, complementarities and substitutions between strategies

Tongruksawattana, Songporne; Wainaina, Priscilla

doi:10.1080/17565529.2018.1562862

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…There is scant literature that considers multiple shocks and adaptation strategies simultaneously; most of them analyze a single type of shock without considering other types, which may have equal or a greater bearing on the household's well-being [24][25][26]. Likewise, the households may resort to multiple or a mix of strategies to adapt to these multiple shocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Poverty, Self-Reported Shocks, and Coping Strategies: Evidence from Rural Nepal

et al. 2021

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This paper assesses the interrelationship between poverty, climatic and non-climatic shocks, and shock coping strategies adopted by farm-based rural households in Nepal. An analysis is based on a comprehensive data set collected from 300 randomly selected households from three purposively chosen villages of Gandaki province. The study utilizes binary and ordered probit regression models to analyze the determinants of poverty, shocks, and coping strategies. Findings reveal that the Dalit (ethnic group), large-sized, and agricultural households are more likely to be characterized as poor. The study further shows that majority of the households are exposed to the severe shock of climatic types. Patterns of shock exposure vary with the household’s characteristics. In particular, poor households in the hills primarily dependent on forest for livelihood are more likely to experience severe shocks. Further analyses indicate that the households ex-post choose dissaving, borrowing, shifting occupation, and migration to cope with severe climatic shocks. The analyses also reveal that the nature of shocks, socio-economic, demographic, geographic contexts, and factor endowments effect adopting a particular coping strategy. Findings suggest household level-specific support should be provided to mitigate the effects of shock, and appropriate measures are taken to protect their means of living.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Poverty, Self-Reported Shocks, and Coping Strategies: Evidence from Rural Nepal

et al. 2021

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“…These various shocks usually affect both farm and off-farm activities of the rural poor and the vulnerable in developing countries, thus creating significant threats to their food security. Yet the current literature has mainly assessed shocks in isolation, although many rural farm households manage multiple risks concurrently (Béné et al, 2017;Dercon, 2002;Heltberg et al, 2015;Kalaba et al, 2013;Tongruksawattana & Wainaina, 2019). This pattern was addressed in a review article authored by Komarek et al (2020), in which they examine multiple risks in agriculture that are present during 1974-2019 and raise concerns about the limited attention this topic receives, especially in the context of developing countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shock interactions, coping strategy choices and household food security

Ansah

Gardebroek

Ihle

2020

Climate and Development

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Agriculture-based livelihoods in developing countries are often challenged by a multitude of unforeseeable shocks, but economic research mostly focuses on single shocks. This paper investigates how climate, health, pest and price shocks individually and in combination relate to farm households' coping strategy choices. First, we use binary probit models to examine how interactions from coinciding shocks relate to coping strategy choices. Next, we assess how coping strategies relate to household food security in a recursive framework. We find that when shocks are considered individually, the nature of shocks and their duration affect the likelihood of using savings. However, when climate shocks interact with health, pest or price shocks, there are incremental effects that increase the probability of depleting household assets to cope. Our findings suggest that governmental and non-governmental organizations should support rural farm households in managing the effects of multiple shocks through the provision and enhancement of markets for labour, insurance and outputs as well as formal safety nets. This support will help them to protect their assets and foster long-term wealth creation for escaping chronic poverty and food insecurity.

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“…Only about 20% of the farmers is able to sell their excess crops, while 66% has to buy maize to complement their own production (Muyanga, 2004). Few farmers use pesticides or improved seeds or other adaptation stragegies (Tongruksawattana & Wainaina, 2019). In Kitui, Makueni and Machakos, the most preferred seed-variety https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2021-216 Preprint.…”

Section: Case Study Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Education, financial aid and awareness can reduce smallholder farmers’ vulnerability to drought under climate change

Wens

Loon

Veldkamp

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. Analyses of future agricultural drought impacts require a multidisciplinary approach in which both human and environmental dynamics are studied. In this study, we applied the agent-based drought risk model ADOPT to assess the effect of various drought risk reduction interventions on smallholder farmers in the Kenyan drylands. Moreover, the robustness of these (non-)governmental interventions under different climate change scenarios was evaluated. ADOPT simulates water management decisions of smallholder farmers, and evaluates household food insecurity, poverty and emergency aid needs due to drought disasters. Model dynamics were informed by extensive field surveys and interviews from which decision rules were distilled based on bounded rational behaviour theories. Model results suggest that extension services increase the adoption of low-cost, newer drought adaptation measures while credit schemes are useful for cost-effective but expensive measures, and ex-ante cash transfers allow the least wealthy households to adopt low-cost well-known measures. Early warning systems show more effective in climate scenarios with less frequent droughts. Combining all four interventions displays a mutually-reinforcing effect with a sharp increase in the adoption of measures resulting in reduced food insecurity, decreased poverty levels and drastically lower need for emergency aid, even under hotter and drier climate conditions. These nonlinear synergies indicate that a holistic perspective is needed to support smallholder resilience in the Kenyan drylands.

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Climate shock adaptation for Kenyan maize-legume farmers: choice, complementarities and substitutions between strategies

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Determinants of Poverty, Self-Reported Shocks, and Coping Strategies: Evidence from Rural Nepal

Determinants of Poverty, Self-Reported Shocks, and Coping Strategies: Evidence from Rural Nepal

Shock interactions, coping strategy choices and household food security

Education, financial aid and awareness can reduce smallholder farmers’ vulnerability to drought under climate change

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