Evolving maps in craniofacial development

Gitton, Yorick; Heude, Églantine; Vieux-Rochas, Maxence; Benouaiche, Laurence; Fontaine, Anastasia; Sato, Takahiro; Kurihara, Yukiko; Kurihara, Hiroki; Couly, G; Levi, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2010.01.008

Cited by 46 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 115 publications

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“…The difference may result from the prominences they are derived from. Face components are formed from five facial primordia which appear early in the fourth week around the Mo [6-9,20,21]. Ey and Np were derived from the nasal prominence located cranial region of the Mo, while Ex1 and Ex6 were from the first and second pharyngeal arches respectively, which were located caudal region of the Mo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of the external ear in human embryo

et al. 2012

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IntroductionExternal ears, one of the major face components, show an interesting movement during craniofacial morphogenesis in human embryo. The present study was performed to see if movement of the external ears in a human embryo could be explained by differential growth.MethodsIn all, 171 samples between Carnegie stage (CS) 17 and CS 23 were selected from MR image datasets of human embryos obtained from the Kyoto Collection of Human Embryos. The three-dimensional absolute position of 13 representative anatomical landmarks, including external and internal ears, from MRI data was traced to evaluate the movement between the different stages with identical magnification. Two different sets of reference axes were selected for evaluation and comparison of the movements.ResultsWhen the pituitary gland and the first cervical vertebra were selected as a reference axis, the 13 anatomical landmarks of the face spread out within the same region as the embryo enlarged and changed shape. The external ear did move mainly laterally, but not cranially. The distance between the external and internal ear stayed approximately constant. Three-dimensionally, the external ear located in the caudal ventral parts of the internal ear in CS 17, moved mainly laterally until CS 23. When surface landmarks eyes and mouth were selected as a reference axis, external ears moved from the caudal lateral ventral region to the position between eyes and mouth during development.ConclusionThe results indicate that movement of all anatomical landmarks, including external and internal ears, can be explained by differential growth. Also, when the external ear is recognized as one of the facial landmarks and having a relative position to other landmarks such as the eyes and mouth, the external ears seem to move cranially.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Movement of the external ear in human embryo

et al. 2012

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“…Furthermore, analysis of the mineralization rate in the incisor showed that mineral apposition was significantly reduced in Ts65Dn mice. The skull and incisor are structures partially derived from neural crest cells [34, 35], whereas the femur is derived from lateral plate mesoderm. It has been postulated that many of the craniofacial skeletal phenotypes associated with DS are neural crest derived [6, 36] Comparison of mineralization data from the non-neural crest derived osteoblasts of the femur and the neural crest derived odontoblasts of the incisor show that mineralization is similarly affected in both tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disruption of bone development and homeostasis by trisomy in Ts65Dn Down syndrome mice

Blazek¹,

Gaddy²,

Meyer³

et al. 2011

Bone

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Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder resulting from trisomy 21 that causes cognitive impairment, low muscle tone and craniofacial alterations. Morphometric studies of the craniofacial and appendicular skeleton in individuals with DS suggest that bone development and homeostasis are affected by trisomy. The Ts65Dn mouse model has three copies of approximately half the genes found on human chromosome 21 and exhibits craniofacial skeletal and size differences similar to those observed in humans with DS. We hypothesized that Ts65Dn and euploid mice have distinct differences in bone development and homeostasis influencing both the craniofacial and appendicular skeletal phenotypes. Quantitative assessment of structural and mechanical properties of the femur in Ts65Dn and control mice at 6 and 16 weeks of age revealed significant deficiencies in trabecular and cortical bone architecture, bone mineral density, bone formation, and bone strength in trisomic bone. Furthermore, bone mineral density and dynamic dentin formation rate of the skull and incisor, respectively, were also reduced in Ts65Dn mice, demonstrating that trisomy significantly affects both the craniofacial and appendicular skeleton.

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“…Neural crest cells (NCCs) are a multipotent cell population that specifies within the dorsal lip of the neural tube and subsequently delaminates, migrates and populates the pharyngeal arches (PAs), before ultimately differentiating into a wide spectrum of structures/ tissues along the anterior-posterior (AP) axis of vertebrate embryos (Clouthier et al, 2010;Minoux and Rijli, 2010;Ruest and Clouthier, 2009;Trainor, 2005;Gitton et al, 2010). The NCCs that migrate into the first and second PAs are primarily responsible for orchestrating craniofacial development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hand1 phosphoregulation within the distal arch neural crest is essential for craniofacial morphogenesis

et al. 2014

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In this study we examine the consequences of altering Hand1 phosphoregulation in the developing neural crest cells (NCCs) of mice. Whereas Hand1 deletion in NCCs reveals a nonessential role for Hand1 in craniofacial development and embryonic survival, altering Hand1 phosphoregulation, and consequently Hand1 dimerization affinities, in NCCs results in severe mid-facial clefting and neonatal death. Hand1 phosphorylation mutants exhibit a noncell-autonomous increase in pharyngeal arch cell death accompanied by alterations in Fgf8 and Shh pathway expression. Together, our data indicate that the extreme distal pharyngeal arch expression domain of Hand1 defines a novel bHLH-dependent activity, and that disruption of established Hand1 dimer phosphoregulation within this domain disrupts normal craniofacial patterning.

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Evolving maps in craniofacial development

Cited by 46 publications

References 115 publications

Movement of the external ear in human embryo

Movement of the external ear in human embryo

Disruption of bone development and homeostasis by trisomy in Ts65Dn Down syndrome mice

Hand1 phosphoregulation within the distal arch neural crest is essential for craniofacial morphogenesis

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