Evolutionary Personality Psychology

Figueredo, Aurelio José; Sefcek, Jon A.; Vásquez, Geneva; Brumbach, Barbara H.; King, James E.; Jacobs, W. Jake

doi:10.1002/9780470939376.ch30

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…One should expect, in fact, to see personality differences across the sexes (i.e., alternative physical morphs within a species), differences due to reactions to individual phenotypic differences, differences from contingent adaptations to environmental circumstances, and differences due to frequency dependent selection for alternative trait variations (Tooby & Cosmides, 1990). It is these sorts of potential mechanisms that often are the starting points for research hypotheses among personality psychologists who take evolutionary processes into account (Buss, 2008(Buss, , 2009a(Buss, , 2009bFigueredo, Gladden, Vásquez, Wolf, & Jones, 2009;Figueredo et al, 2005;MacDonald, 1995;Michalski & Shackelford, 2008, 2010Nettle, 2006). At the broadest level, these accounts stress that much of personality variation (although not all) can be understood as the calibration of evolved adaptations to different environmental inputs.…”

Section: Evolution and Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Major personality traits and regulations of social behavior: Cheaters are not the same as the reckless, and you need to know who you’re dealing with

Fiddick

Brase

et al. 2016

Journal of Research in Personality

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Section: Evolution and Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Major personality traits and regulations of social behavior: Cheaters are not the same as the reckless, and you need to know who you’re dealing with

Fiddick

Brase

et al. 2016

Journal of Research in Personality

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“…Rushton (1985) postulated that personality traits co -evolved with altruism, intelligence, attachment styles, growth, longevity, sexuality, and fecundity to form a coherent whole. Research has confi rmed many of these hypotheses (Bogaert & Rushton, 1989 ;Figueredo, V á squez, Brumbach, & Schneider, 2004Figueredo et al, 2005 ;Templer, 2008 ).…”

Section: Life History Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study of 222 university students, a latent K factor was found to load positively on retrospective self -reports of childhood attachment to the biological father and of adult attachment to romantic partners, and negatively with mating effort, Machiavellianism, and risk -taking propensity (Figueredo et al, 2005 ). Moreover, the K factor correlated with several traditional higher -order personality composites derived from three different personality inventories measuring " big neuroticism " ( − .24), " big psychoticism " ( − .67), and (marginally) " big extraversion " (.12).…”

Section: Life History Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The General Factor of Personality

Rushton

Irwing

2011

The Wiley‐Blackwell Handbook of Individual Differences

114

133

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A recent hypothesis is that a general factor of personality (GFP) occupies the apex of the hierarchy of personality as well as the apex of the personality disorders in the same way in which g , the general factor of mental ability, occupies the apex in the organization of cognitive abilities (Rushton, Bons, & Hur, 2008 ). High scores on the GFP indicate what is meant by someone having a " good " personality; low scores indicate what is meant by a " diffi cult " personality, in other words someone who is hard to get along with. Individuals high on the GFP are altruistic, agreeable, relaxed, conscientious, sociable, and open, with high levels of well -being and self -esteem. Because the GFP defi nes clear positive and negative poles, it provides potential for understanding the socially " advantaged " (those with high levels of emotional intelligence) as well as the socially " challenged " (those more likely to suffer a personality disorder). The GFP can be viewed as a dimension of social effectiveness.The explanation we favor for the GFP is that it arose through evolutionary selection for socially desirable traits that facilitate performance across a wide range of contexts . This follows a proposal by Darwin (1871) that natural selection acted directionally, to endow people with more cooperative and less contentious personalities than their archaic ancestors or nearest living relatives, the chimpanzees. conjectured that individuals high on the GFP left more progeny, since people prefer as mates, fellow workers, and leaders those who are altruistic, conscientious, and emotionally stable. People able to cooperate in groups were also more likely to win competitions and wars. The alternative to the GFP being substantive is that it results from artifacts of scale construction and from evaluative bias such as responding in a socially desirable manner.The main empirical impetus for identifying a GFP comes from the observation that the Big -Five factors typically intercorrelate, despite claims that they areThe Wiley-Blackwell Handbook of Individual Differences, First Edition. Edited by Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic, Sophie von Stumm, and Adrian Furnham.

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“…A key issue remaining to be addressed is whether these trait intercorrelations reflect the output of a single mechanism that simultaneously calibrates multiple dimensions of personality traits (for a sophisticated evolutionary discussion of trait covariation traceable to life history strategy, see Figueredo et al, 2005; see also Digman, 1997;McCrae & Costa, 2008;Rushton & Irwing, 2008;Funder, 2001), or are due to the calibration of multiple distinct personality mechanisms by shared input cues. To empirically adjudicate between these competing hypotheses, future research should test their divergent predictions.…”

Section: Common Calibration and Personality Trait Covariationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolved individual differences: Advancing a condition-dependent model of personality

Lewis

2015

Personality and Individual Differences

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a b s t r a c tThe field of personality psychology offers a wealth of robust empirical research and a successful descriptive taxonomy, but neither explains the origins of the structure of human personality nor elaborates a generative framework for predicting the specific conditions that evoke the development of distinct personality traits. Exploration of traditional personality constructs within an evolutionary adaptive individual differences framework may help fill this explanatory gap. Personality traits exhibit functional features and patterns of variation expected from psychological adaptations designed to solve survival-and reproduction-related challenges recurrently faced during our species' evolutionary history. Conditiondependent evolutionary models of personality have been proposed for decades, but only recently have begun to see empirical investigation. These models posit that species-typical psychological mechanisms take as input cues from the individual's phenotype that would have been ancestrally linked to differential cost-benefit tradeoffs of alternative personality strategies, and produce as output personality trait levels with the greatest probabilistic net benefit for the individual. This paper elaborates a more nuanced conceptual framework that builds on earlier conceptualizations of condition-dependent traits to yield new and untested hypotheses about personality trait variation and covariation. It then describes clear future research directions for empirically investigating these readily testable hypotheses.

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Evolutionary Personality Psychology

Cited by 37 publications

References 80 publications

Major personality traits and regulations of social behavior: Cheaters are not the same as the reckless, and you need to know who you’re dealing with

Major personality traits and regulations of social behavior: Cheaters are not the same as the reckless, and you need to know who you’re dealing with

The General Factor of Personality

Evolved individual differences: Advancing a condition-dependent model of personality

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