Evolutionary Morphology of Ferns (Monilophytes)

Schneider, Harald

doi:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0489

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…The phylogenetic position of ferns as the sister lineage of seed plants makes the study of developmental genes in these vascular plants highly useful, and necessary to open new insights on plant evolutionary developmental biology [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Vandenboschia speciosa is a rare vulnerable European-Macaronesian endemism, the only representative of a genus which has a primarily tropical distribution, restricted to disjoined regions of the European Atlantic coast and the Macaronesian islands (Canaries, Madeira and Azores).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of TALE Homeobox Genes in the Endangered Fern Vandenboschia speciosa

Ruiz-Estévez

Bakkali

Martín-Blázquez

et al. 2017

Genes

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We report and discuss the results of a quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis of the expression patterns of seven three amino acid loop extension (TALE) homeobox genes (four KNOTTED-like homeobox (KNOX) and three BEL1-like homeobox (BELL) genes) identified after next generation sequencing (NGS) and assembly of the sporophyte and gametophyte transcriptomes of the endangered fern species Vandenboschia speciosa. Among the four KNOX genes, two belonged to the KNOX1 class and the other two belonged to the KNOX2 class. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences supported the typical domain structure of both types of TALE proteins, and the homology to TALE proteins of mosses, lycophytes, and seed plant species. The expression analyses demonstrate that these homeodomain proteins appear to have a key role in the establishment and development of the gametophyte and sporophyte phases of V. speciosa lifecycle, as well as in the control of the transition between both phases. Vandenboschia speciosa VsKNAT3 (a KNOX2 class protein) as well as VsBELL4 and VsBELL10 proteins have higher expression levels during the sporophyte program. On the contrary, one V. speciosa KNOX1 protein (VsKNAT6) and one KNOX2 protein (VsKNAT4) seem important during the development of the gametophyte phase. TALE homeobox genes might be among the key regulators in the gametophyte-to-sporophyte developmental transition in regular populations that show alternation of generations, since some of the genes analyzed here (VsKNAT3, VsKNAT6, VsBELL4, and VsBELL6) are upregulated in a non-alternating population in which only independent gametophytes are found (they grow by vegetative reproduction outside of the range of sporophyte distribution). Thus, these four genes might trigger the vegetative propagation of the gametophyte and the repression of the sexual development in populations composed of independent gametophytes. This study represents a comprehensive identification and characterization of TALE homeobox genes in V. speciosa, and gives novel insights about the role of these genes in fern development.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and Characterization of TALE Homeobox Genes in the Endangered Fern Vandenboschia speciosa

Ruiz-Estévez

Bakkali

Martín-Blázquez

et al. 2017

Genes

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“…Cytohistochemical analyses of fern meristems have also shown that the fern meristem is multicellular with zonation (McAlpin & White, 1974;Stevenson, 1976aStevenson, , 1978Gifford, 1983;White & Turner, 1995). However, the classical idea that the fern meristem is composed of a single or a few apical cell initials remains a prevailing view in books and developmental genetic studies (Harrison et al, 2005;Sano et al, 2005;Tomescu, 2010;Schneider, 2013;Banks, 2015;Frank et al, 2015;Plant Ontology Consortium (POC), 2015;Fig. 1a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bringing the multicellular fern meristem into focus

Ambrose

Vasco

2016

New Phytologist

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“…It is known that ferns, in contrast to flowering plants, do not form either a bipolar embryo, or a permanent germinal primary root, but form an adventitious root system. The fern root system is assumed to evolve from shoot meristems (Schneider, 2013). This is confirmed by the data on the stimulating effect of cytokinins on the development of root meristem in the fern A. filiculoides (De Vries et al, 2016), while in seed plants cytokinins are root growth inhibitors (Ivanov, Filin, 2017) and positive regulators of shoot apical meristem development (Kyozuka, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Endogenous cytokinins dynamics during development of sporophytes of perennial ferns Dryopteris filix-mas and Polystichum aculeatum (Dryopteridaceae)

Веденічева¹,

Kosakivska²

2018

Ukr. Bot. J.

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The qualitative composition and dynamics of cytokinins in the fronds and rhizomes of perennial ferns Dryopteris filix-mas and Polystichum aculeatum have been investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry. Sporophytes were studied at the stages of intensive vegetative growth (April), formation of sporangia (May) and sporulation (June). Plants of P. aculeatum were also analyzed at the stage of winter vegetation (February). The accumulation of trans-zeatin in fronds of P. aculeatum was revealed at the intensive growth stage, whereas in D. filixmas, the increase in this cytokinin content was observed during the formation of sporangia. The level of zeatin riboside increased in fronds and rhizomes of both fern species at the stage of sporulation. The cessation of the ferns intensive growth involved the accumulation of conjugate-zeatin-O-glucoside. At certain stages of sporophyte development, isopentenyl-type cytokinins were detected: in D. filix-mas, low levels of isopentenyladenine-during sporulation, and in P. aculeatum, quite significant amounts of isopentenyladenosine and isopentenyladenine-in fronds at the stage of intensive growth and in rhizomes-during sporangia formation. In P. aculeatum fronds, active free cytokinins-zeatin and zeatin riboside-were accumulated during the winter vegetation indicating that they were involved in the maintenance of the plant photosynthetic activity under unfavorable conditions. The root system of both fern species was characterized by a lower level of cytokinins as compared to the aerial part. The dynamics of the spectrum and content of cytokinins in the fern organs was species-specific and indirectly testified to the involvement of these phytohormones in growth and development control. The features of differences and similarities of the regulatory role of cytokinins in ferns and seed plants are discussed.

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Evolutionary Morphology of Ferns (Monilophytes)

Cited by 10 publications

References 97 publications

Identification and Characterization of TALE Homeobox Genes in the Endangered Fern Vandenboschia speciosa

Identification and Characterization of TALE Homeobox Genes in the Endangered Fern Vandenboschia speciosa

Bringing the multicellular fern meristem into focus

Endogenous cytokinins dynamics during development of sporophytes of perennial ferns Dryopteris filix-mas and Polystichum aculeatum (Dryopteridaceae)

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