“…The results provide the first demonstration of a homogeneous microstructure and hardness distributions within a disk material produced by mechanical bonding through HPT. Thus, the microstructural homogeneity contrasts with earlier reports for the Al-Mg 8–10 , Al-Cu 6,7,12 , Mg-Zn 13 and steel-vanadium 16 systems.…”
Nanostructuring of bulk metals is now well documented with the development of severe plastic deformation (SPD) for improving the physical and mechanical properties of engineering materials. Processing by high-pressure torsion (HPT), which was developed initially as a grain refinement technique, was extended recently to the mechanical bonding of dissimilar metals during nanostrcturing which generally involves significant microstructural heterogeneity. Here we introduce, for the first time, a bulk metastable Al-Mg supersaturated solid solution by the diffusion bonding of separate Al and Mg metal solids at room temperature using HPT. Exceptional hardness was achieved homogeneously throughout the metastable alloy with a record maximum supersaturated Mg content of ~38.5 at.% in the Al matrix having a grain size of ~35–40 nm. Our results demonstrate the synthesis of a bulk nanocrystalline metastable alloy with good microstructural stability at room temperature where such bulk solids are not yet reported for mechanical alloying by powder metallurgy.
“…The results provide the first demonstration of a homogeneous microstructure and hardness distributions within a disk material produced by mechanical bonding through HPT. Thus, the microstructural homogeneity contrasts with earlier reports for the Al-Mg 8–10 , Al-Cu 6,7,12 , Mg-Zn 13 and steel-vanadium 16 systems.…”
Nanostructuring of bulk metals is now well documented with the development of severe plastic deformation (SPD) for improving the physical and mechanical properties of engineering materials. Processing by high-pressure torsion (HPT), which was developed initially as a grain refinement technique, was extended recently to the mechanical bonding of dissimilar metals during nanostrcturing which generally involves significant microstructural heterogeneity. Here we introduce, for the first time, a bulk metastable Al-Mg supersaturated solid solution by the diffusion bonding of separate Al and Mg metal solids at room temperature using HPT. Exceptional hardness was achieved homogeneously throughout the metastable alloy with a record maximum supersaturated Mg content of ~38.5 at.% in the Al matrix having a grain size of ~35–40 nm. Our results demonstrate the synthesis of a bulk nanocrystalline metastable alloy with good microstructural stability at room temperature where such bulk solids are not yet reported for mechanical alloying by powder metallurgy.
“…36) Moreover, different types of quasi-constrained HPT was applied for the three-disk procedure on steel and vanadium under 6.0 GPa for 5 turns. 37,38) These numerous examples indicate the feasibility and the effectiveness of the unique HPT procedure for synthesizing hybrid alloy structures and ultimately MMNCs. It should be noted that the mechanical bonding by the noted bulk-state reactions by the application of HPT involves the processing of bulk metal disks and it should be differentiated from the mechanical alloying approach by using HPT for powder consolidation and mixing.…”
This report presents an overview of recent studies demonstrating a bulk-state reaction involving mechanical bonding through the application of high-pressure torsion (HPT) processing on two dissimilar engineering metals. This processing approach was developed by revising the sample setup and applying the simple procedure of alternately stacking two different metal disks using several different metal combinations. Thus, this report describes the development in microstructure after the bulk-state reactions and the mechanical properties of the HPT-induced AlMg, AlCu, AlFe and AlTi alloy systems. A microstructural evaluation confirmed the capability of the HPT procedure for the formation of heterostructures across the disk diameters in these processed alloy systems. Tribology tests and hardness values together with density measurements demonstrated an improved wear resistance and an exceptional specific strength in these alloy systems. The bulk-state reaction by HPT demonstrates a considerable potential for the bonding of dissimilar metals and the fabrication of unique metal systems.
“…up to 20 turns [38] under 6.0 GPa at RT where the disks were stacked alternately in the order of Al/Mg/Al without any adhesive treatments, as shown in Figure 4. [35] This procedure of HPT processing was further applied for several different metal combinations by stacking two disks of Al/Mg [39] and three disks of Al/Cu/Al, [40] Al/Fe/Al, [41] Al/Ti/Al, [41] Cu/Al/Cu, [42] Cu/ZnO/ Cu, [43] Zn/Mg/Zn, [44] Fe/V/Fe, [45,46] and V-10Ti-5Cr/Zr-2.5Nb/ V-10Ti-5Cr. [47] It should be noted that some of these listed combinations of dissimilar metals for mechanical bonding by HPT use different sample volumes by changing the disk thicknesses.…”
Section: Mechanical Bonding Of Dissimilar Metals and Alloys By Hptmentioning
An overview of the mechanical bonding of dissimilar bulk engineering metals through high‐pressure torsion (HPT) processing at room temperature is described in this Review. A recently developed procedure of mechanical bonding involves the application of conventional HPT processing to alternately stacked two or more disks of dissimilar metals. A macroscale microstructural evolution involves the concept of making tribomaterials and, for some dissimilar metal combinations, microscale microstructural changes demonstrate the synthesis of metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs) through the nucleation of nanoscale intermetallic compounds within the nanostructured metal matrix. Further straining by HPT during mechanical bonding provides an opportunity to introduce limited amorphous phases and a bulk metastable state. The mechanically bonded nanostructured hybrid alloys exhibit an exceptionally high specific strength and an enhanced plasticity. These experimental findings suggest a potential for using mechanical bonding for simply and expeditiously fabricating a wide range of new alloy systems by HPT processing.
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