Evolution of submarine gullies on a prograding slope: Insights from 3D seismic reflection data

Shumaker, Lauren E.; Jobe, Zane R.; Graham, Stephan A.

doi:10.1016/j.margeo.2016.06.006

Cited by 30 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…of distinct seismic interpreted features consistent with studies (Hansen & Kamp, 2006;Salazar et al, 2016;Shumaker et al, 2017) in the central and southern explored Taranaki Basin's Giant Foresets Formation, we are able to compare our internal architectural findings with some of the previous work done on the GFF. The early onset of this succession is characterized by a dense network of linear channels that feed into the basin (Figure 11).…”

Section: Unit 3 (U3) Drainage Network Patternssupporting

confidence: 79%

Controls of pre‐existing structures on clinoform architecture and the associated progradational system elements

et al. 2020

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There remains a limited understanding of the controls of pre-existing structures on the architecture of deep-water progradational sequences. In the Northern Taranaki Basin (NTB), New Zealand, Pliocene post-extensional sedimentary sequences overlie Miocene back-arc volcaniclastic units. We utilize seismic reflection datasets to investigate the relationships between the buried back-arc mound-shaped structures, 876 | EAGE CLAIRMONT eT AL. Highlights • Buried syn-extension volcanoes occur only in the north area. • Differential compaction of post-extension sequences are influenced by the paleovolcanoes. • Steep clinoform foreset slopes and wide incising channels in the north, but are absent in the south. • The later differential compaction influenced the basinward migration and geometry of continental slope. • Buried volcanoes in the north modulated the postextension sedimentation patterns. 878 | EAGE CLAIRMONT eT AL. F I G U R E 1 Location and the geologic setting of the study area. (a) Topographic map of northern New Zealand showing the Taranaki and Northland Basins, large faults and the Miocene volcanic fields of the Mohakatino Volcanic Belt (modified after Stagpoole & Funnell, 2001 and Johnston et al., 2010). The location of the primary study area (Nimitz 3D Seismic Survey) is shown in the white rectangle, together with a 2D transect line used to show the extent of interpreted geologic features, discussed throughout this expert. (b) Map of the Nimitz 3D seismic survey and location of the Korimako-1 well. (c) Generalized stratigraphic column of the upper fill of the Taranaki Basin (after Unkaracalar, 2018 and King & Thrasher, 1996), and generated wireline logs and synthetic model of the Korimako-1 well. The following stage abbreviations reflect the local geology of the

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Section: Unit 3 (U3) Drainage Network Patternssupporting

confidence: 79%

Controls of pre‐existing structures on clinoform architecture and the associated progradational system elements

et al. 2020

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“…Channels mapped in the western Gulf of Mexico, off the southern coast of the USA, range from 8.2 to 51.8 km in length, mapped at 12.5 m lateral resolution (Table 1) shore southernmost Texas, USA (Banfield and Anderson, 2004), and channels 9 and 11 are part of the Brazos-Trinity slope minibasin system (Mallarino et al, 2006). Many of these channels appear to initiate and terminate on the slope, but they exhibit weakly to well-developed levees and sinuous planform geometries, distinguishing them from submarine slope gullies (e.g., Field et al, 1999;Shumaker et al, 2017). Some of these channels, most notably GoM 5, GoM 6, and GoM 9, traverse variable slope gradients caused by salt tectonics, and as a result exhibit dramatic changes in width and depth with downstream distance, similar to the Niger 9 channel (Fig.…”

Section: Western Gulf Of Mexico Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Controls on submarine channel-modifying processes identified through morphometric scaling relationships

et al. 2018

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Submarine channels share morphological similarities with rivers, but observations from modern and ancient systems indicate they are formed under processes and controls unique to submarine settings. Morphologic characteristics of channels-e.g., width, depth, slope, and the relationships among them-can constrain interpretations of channel-forming processes. This work uses morphometric scaling relationships extracted from high-resolution seafloor bathymetry to infer connections between morphology and process in submarine channels. Analysis of 36 modern channels in five geographic regions shows that channel widths vary regionally (from <100 m to >10 km wide) but occupy the same range of aspect ratios (~10:1-100:1). This suggests an autogenic control on aspect ratio, perhaps resulting from feedback processes in levee growth and/or bank erosion, and allogenic (e.g., sediment supply, grain size) controls on channel width. Submarine channel aspect ratios tend to decrease with increasing dimensions, while the opposite relationship has been observed for fluvial channels, likely due to opposing relationships between flow discharge and channel distance. Additionally, observation of an apparent lag between channel thalweg and levee responses to gradient changes suggests that thalweg and levee deposition and erosion may be partially decoupled due to the vertical structure of turbidity currents, with thalweg evolution driven by the basal, higher-shear-stress portion of the flow and levee evolution by the dilute upper portion. The data presented here provide a basis for predicting channel metrics in exploration scenarios, in which data coverage may be sparse. This documentation of a diverse suite of channels also captures the range of scales and variability exhibited globally by submarine channel systems, providing context for local studies.

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“…This is most evident by the regularity in the gully widths (Table and Figure d). In addition, localized mass wasting driven by tectonic activity and spring sapping processes such as groundwater discharge from a sedimented slope may result in a change in pore fluid pressure in a radius around each failure (Orange, Anderson, & Breen, ; Pratson et al., ; Shumaker et al., ). These processes might also contribute to the prolonged process of gully development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A gully is a small‐scale conduit incision (10s m deep) on the slope (between the shelf edge and the toe‐of‐slope) that generally is of low relief, straight and does not reach base‐level (Amblas et al., ; Field, Gardner, & Prior, ; Lonergan, Jamin, Jackson, & Johnson, ; Posamentier & Walker, ; Prélat, Pankhania, Jackson, & Hodgson, ; Shanmugam, ; Shumaker, Jobe, & Graham, ; Stow & Mayall, ; Talling, ). Gullies can be distinguished from channels by their spatial distributions (gullies commonly occur in evenly spaced groups), where the gully heads incise the shelf edge or upper continental slope.…”

Section: Definition Of Sediment Conduit Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric analysis of sediment conduits on a bathymetric high: Implications for palaeoenvironment and hydrocarbon prospectivity

et al. 2018

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Canyons and other sediment conduits are important components of the deep-water environment and are the main pathways for sediment transport from the shelf to the basin floor. Using 3-D and 2-D seismic reflection data, seismic facies and statistical morphometric analyses, this study showed the architectural evolution of five canyons, two slide scars and four gullies on the southern part of the Loppa High, Barents Sea. Morphometric parameters such as thalweg depth (lowest point on a conduit's base), wall depth (middle point), height, width and base width, sinuosity, thalweg gradient, aspect ratio (width/height) and cross-sectional area of the conduits were measured at intervals of 250-m perpendicular to the conduits' pathways. Our results show that the canyons and slide scars in the study area widen down slope, whereas the gullies are narrow and short with uniform widths. The sediment conduits in the study area evolved in three stages. The first stage is correlated with a time when erosion and bypass were dominant in the conduits, and sediment transferred to the basin in the south. The second stage occurred when basin subsidence was prevalent, and a widespread fine-grained sequence was deposited as a drape blanketing the canyons and other conduits. A final stage occurred when uplift and glacial erosion configured the entire southern Loppa High into an area of denudation. Our work demonstrates that the morphometric parameters of the canyons, slide scars and gullies generally have increasing linear trends with down-slope distance, irrespective of their geometries. The morphometric analysis of the sediment conduits in the study area has wider applications for understanding depositional processes, reservoir distribution and petroleum prospectivity in frontier basins.

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Evolution of submarine gullies on a prograding slope: Insights from 3D seismic reflection data

Cited by 30 publications

References 46 publications

Controls of pre‐existing structures on clinoform architecture and the associated progradational system elements

Controls of pre‐existing structures on clinoform architecture and the associated progradational system elements

Controls on submarine channel-modifying processes identified through morphometric scaling relationships

Morphometric analysis of sediment conduits on a bathymetric high: Implications for palaeoenvironment and hydrocarbon prospectivity

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