Evolution of Sea Surface Salinity Anomalies in the Southwestern Tropical Indian Ocean During 2010–2011 Influenced by a Negative IOD Event

Sun, Qiwei; Du, Yan; Zhang, Yuhong; Feng, Ming; Chowdary, Jasti S.; Chi, Jinling; Qiu, Shuang; Yu, Weidong

doi:10.1029/2018jc014580

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Previous studies (J. Li et al 2016;Kido and Tozuka 2017;Kido et al 2019;Sun et al 2019) suggest that the SSS anomalies due to evaporation, precipitation, zonal advection by winds and mesoscale eddies impact the development of IOD events.…”

Section: Sst and Sss In The Niño-34 And Dmi Regionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The main advantage of using the SSS dipole mode index is for detecting and characterizing its relationship with the SST anomaly dipole and providing positive feedback to the formation of the IOD events (J. Li et al 2016;Sun et al 2019).…”

Section: Sst and Sss In The Niño-34 And Dmi Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples are the assimilation of SSS in coupled models to improve rainfall predictions (through the improvement of the upper ocean thermal structure) (Yaremchuk 2006;Koul et al 2018;Seelanki et al 2018). Moreover, SSS also plays an active role in the development of ENSO and IOD events and aids in improving the forecast of these events (Zhu et al 2014;Hackert et al 2019;Sun et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near-Surface Salinity Reveals the Oceanic Sources of Moisture for Australian Precipitation through Atmospheric Moisture Transport

et al. 2020

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Abstract The long-term trend of sea surface salinity (SSS) reveals an intensification of the global hydrological cycle due to human-induced climate change. This study demonstrates that SSS variability can also be used as a measure of terrestrial precipitation on interseasonal to interannual time scales, and to locate the source of moisture. Seasonal composites during El Niño–Southern Oscillation/Indian Ocean dipole (ENSO/IOD) events are used to understand the variations of moisture transport and precipitation over Australia, and their association with SSS variability. As ENSO/IOD events evolve, patterns of positive or negative SSS anomaly emerge in the Indo-Pacific warm pool region and are accompanied by atmospheric moisture transport anomalies toward Australia. During co-occurring La Niña and negative IOD events, salty anomalies around the Maritime Continent (north of Australia) indicate freshwater export and are associated with a significant moisture transport that converges over Australia to create anomalous wet conditions. In contrast, during co-occurring El Niño and positive IOD events, a moisture transport divergence anomaly over Australia results in anomalous dry conditions. The relationship between SSS and atmospheric moisture transport also holds for pure ENSO/IOD events but varies in magnitude and spatial pattern. The significant pattern correlation between the moisture flux divergence and SSS anomaly during the ENSO/IOD events highlights the associated ocean–atmosphere coupling. A case study of the extreme hydroclimatic events of Australia (e.g., the 2010/11 Brisbane flood) demonstrates that the changes in SSS occur before the peak of ENSO/IOD events. This raises the prospect that tracking of SSS variability could aid the prediction of Australian rainfall.

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Section: Sst and Sss In The Niño-34 And Dmi Regionsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Sst and Sss In The Niño-34 And Dmi Regionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Near-Surface Salinity Reveals the Oceanic Sources of Moisture for Australian Precipitation through Atmospheric Moisture Transport

et al. 2020

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“…The anomalies during nIOD were opposite to those during pIOD events. In addition, the salinity variations are also significant during the decay phases and the following year of IOD events in the TIO where circulation system plays an important role in maintaining the heat and salt balance of the entire area, including the Wyrtki Jets and the SEC (Sun et al, 2019;Zhang et al, 2013;Li et al, 2018). ENSO teleconnection also induces anticyclonic (cyclonic) atmospheric circulation anomalies in the TIO when El Niño (La Niña) appears (Xie et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2003), such that the evolutions of ENSO are often associated with the development of the IOD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Either IOD Leading or ENSO Leading Triggers Extreme Thermohaline Events in the Tropical Central Indian Ocean

Liu¹,

Zeng

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Based on the 12-year (2007-2018) salinity data from Array for Real-Time Geostrophic Oceanography (ARGO), significantly positive salinity anomalies are found in the upper layer of the tropical central Indian Ocean (IO) from 2010 boreal autumn to 2011 boreal spring and from 2016 boreal autumn to 2017 boreal spring. Wind, precipitation, outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and ocean currents from satellite and reanalysis data are utilized to analyze the atmospheric, ocean dynamic processes and the salinity budget associated with the high salinity events. The results indicate that surface buoyancy fluxes are not the dominant factor affecting the positive salinity anomalies, while ocean dynamic processes play a more important role. Under the influence of the La Niña and strong negative Indian Ocean Dipole (nIOD) in 2010 and 2016, positive salinity anomalies appear in the eastern IO at the end of 2010 and 2016 due to strong westerlies and positive zonal currents. But because the La Niña in 2010 is stronger than in 2016, the salinity anomalies in 2010 are stronger, and the decline in the following year is stronger and lasts longer, making the salinity anomalies gradually weakened. Therefore, the maximum value of the salinity anomalies in 2011 is in January, while in 2017 the salinity anomalies first decrease and then increase with the largest in March. Salinity budget analyses also show that ocean advection is the main factor leading to the salinity anomaly variations for these two periods. Among them, the changes of the zonal velocity in the zonal advection anomalies have the greatest impact. The zonal advection is positive and the strongest at the end of 2010 and negative in early 2011, but weak positive at the end of 2016. In early 2017 the zonal advection is first negative, then becomes positive and strengthens in spring, so salinity anomalies in 2017 spring is higher than that in 2011. The entrainment effect during 10A11S is more significant than 16A17S and the freshwater flux (FWF) has a small and negative effect on positive salinity anomalies for two events. The mutual effects of horizontal advection, FWF and vertical entrainment together lead to high salinity anomalies. The high salinity anomalies reflect the upper-ocean responses to climate events, which may also influence the regional air-sea interactions and large-scale processes.

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“…In addition to the anomaly of sea surface temperature during the IOD events also will be followed of changing some parameters such as sea surface height (Fadlan et al, 2017;Zhou et al, 2015), salinity (Sun et al, 2019;Yuhong et al, 2013), chlorophyll-a concentration (Currie et al, 2013;Pandey et al, 2019), ocean heat content (Radjawane et al, 2015;Xia & Wu, 2020), thermocline depth (Adiwira et al, 2018;Vinayachandran et al, 2009), and the variation in mixed layer depth (Keerthi et al, 2013;Santoso et al, 2010). Furthermore, IOD events will affect changing in climate conditions in the surrounding area, especially the rainfall intensity (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Subsurface Temperatures in West Sumatra - Southern Java Waters During 2010–2014 Indian Ocean Dipole Events

Nisa

Radjawane

2021

segara

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The temperature anomaly formation in the West Sumatra and South Java Waters plays an important role in the formation of the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD). There have not been many detailed studies on the evolution of temperature anomalies in the subsurface layers in the area during the IOD events. In this study, temperature data from the HYCOM were used to examine the evolution of temperature anomalies on the surface and subsurface in the event of negative IOD (nIOD) 2010 and positive IOD (pIOD) 2012). The analysis was done using a cross-section plot and a Hovmöller diagram. It has shown that in the negative IOD 2010, a positive temperature anomaly in the subsurface layer was started four months earlier than the surface layer and ended six months after the IOD event. In contrast to positive IOD 2012, a negative temperature anomaly formed in the surface layer seven months earlier, and then move to the deeper layer coincide with the onset of the positive IOD event. The negative anomaly in both layers was simultaneously over two months after the positive IOD event over. The La-Niña phase that coincides with the positive or negative IOD event, influences the process of forming temperature anomalies in the subsurface layer, which in this case supports (inhibits) the formation of positive (negative) temperature anomalies in negative (positive) IOD event. The temperature anomaly in the subsurface layer can be an alternative indicator in identifying and predicting IOD events.

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Evolution of Sea Surface Salinity Anomalies in the Southwestern Tropical Indian Ocean During 2010–2011 Influenced by a Negative IOD Event

Cited by 16 publications

References 93 publications

Near-Surface Salinity Reveals the Oceanic Sources of Moisture for Australian Precipitation through Atmospheric Moisture Transport

Near-Surface Salinity Reveals the Oceanic Sources of Moisture for Australian Precipitation through Atmospheric Moisture Transport

Either IOD Leading or ENSO Leading Triggers Extreme Thermohaline Events in the Tropical Central Indian Ocean

Evolution of Subsurface Temperatures in West Sumatra - Southern Java Waters During 2010–2014 Indian Ocean Dipole Events

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