Evolution of Pleistocene travertine depositional system from terraced slope to fissure-ridge in a mixed travertine-alluvial succession (Jebel El Mida, Gafsa, southern Tunisia)

Abstract

The Quaternary stratigraphic record of Jebel El Mida, composed of continental deposits, is a useful example of concomitant travertines and alluvial deposition in an extensional setting. Travertine deposition occurred in a faulted Pleistocene alluvial fan giving rise to seven (recognised) facies interfingering with five other alluvial ones. The travertine depositional events indicate a tectonically driven evolution from terraced slope (facies group FC1–FC6) to a travertine fissure ridge-type depositing phase (facies group of FC1–FC7). Interfingering between travertine and alluvial facies indicates the co-existence of adjacent and time-equivalent depositional environments. The travertine deposition resulted from deep origin hydrothermal fluids channelled along damaged rocks volumes associated to a regional fault system, named as the Gafsa Fault (GF). The travertine–terrigenous succession in Jebel El Mida highlights the major role played by the GF in controlling: (i) the hydrothermal fluid flow, still active as also indicated by the numerous thermal springs aligned along the fault zone; (ii) paleoflow directions, discharge locations, volume, rate and fluctuations of the water supply. The paleoclimatic correlation with adjacent localities reveals that, at that time, humid episodes could have contributed to the recharge of the hydrothermal system and to the deposition of alluvial sediments

A Two-Step Surface Modification Methodology for the Advanced Protection of a Stone Surface

“…If siloxanes are present in the sample, the 1110–1000 cm −1 band is masked by strong Si–O–Si absorption, as indicated by the arrows ( Figure 3 ). Comparing the FTIR images of the same stone, treated limestone, with different coupling agents, 3-MPTMS and CoatOSil T-Cure, we noticed variation values, indicating the presence of Si–O–Si around values between 1130 and 1050 cm −1 , and it seems that 3-MPTMS is more reactive, and thus, the intensity of these peaks was stronger on both stone samples [ 45 , 51 , 52 ].…”

“…Siloxanes with thiolic moieties were chosen as silanization agents, since it is known that silver nanoparticles have a high affinity to the thiol group [ 30 , 31 ]. These thiol groups attach to the AgNPs via coordinative covalent bonding; thus, the nanoparticles are anchored to the mineral substrate, facilitating and changing its various properties [ 45 , 46 , 47 ].…”

“…Nanomaterials 2024, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 5 of 20 silver nanoparticles have a high affinity to the thiol group [30,31]. These thiol groups attach to the AgNPs via coordinative covalent bonding; thus, the nanoparticles are anchored to the mineral substrate, facilitating and changing its various properties [45][46][47]. As modification agents, silanes bearing thiol groups were used, namely 3-mercaptopropyl methoxysilane from Aldrich and the commercial product named CoatOSil T-Cure from Momentive, usually used in coatings as an additive (Table 3).…”

The Anatomy of a Pleistocene Travertine Complex Sedimentological, Diagenetic and Reservoir Studies on the Süttő Travertine System (Gerecse Hills, Hungary)

“…Lateral interaction between different depositional environments are commonly observed phenomena in continental carbonate studies, however, it is more often reported in the case of intercalation with terrigenous sediments (e.g. Croci et al, 2016;Huerta et al, 2016;Henchiri et al, 2017;Verbiest et al, in press). A unique depositional system, however, has been described from the Lake Urmia (NW Iran)…”

Comment on “First records of syn-diagenetic non-tectonic folding in Quaternary thermogene travertines caused by hydrothermal incremental veining” by Billi et al. Tectonophysics 700–701 (2017) 60–79

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