Evolution of multiple global virtual material flows

Xu, Zhenci; Chau, Sophia N.; Ruzzenenti, Franco; Connor, Thomas; Li, Yingjie; Tang, Ying; Li, Dapeng; Gong, Mimi; Liu, Jianguo

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.169

Cited by 31 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It is also worth noting how environmental layers are mostly uncorrelated. Even CO 2 shows no significant correlation with energy, a result that contradicts previous studies on the global multiple virtual material flows network [15]. On a global scale CO 2 and energy show the strongest nexus, foremost for flows in the opposite direction, with an increasing trend beginning with the 2000s.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…The transfer of embodied emissions flows in commodity production affects the environmental system in trading area [32,33]. Xu et al [15] (2018) found that, over time, all flows between distant countries are increased more than those between adjacent countries. Furthermore, large increases in virtual resource flows also affect the financial capital flows between countries [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Six types of virtual environmental flows and three kinds of financial flows can generate a very large number of interactions' patterns and a complex, enveloping structure. The nexus between resources' or virtual flows (layers) in this complex system can be studied with several methodologies [12,13]-in a few cases, these flows have been associated with financial flows [14,15]. Applying advanced methods of correlation and network analysis [16], we verify the dynamics of transfer processes with the aim of assessing whether the link between economic and financial inequality and the hypothesis that rich countries export environmental emissions to poor ones are confirmed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Energy and Environmental Flows: Do Most Financialised Countries within the Mediterranean Area Export Unsustainability?

2019

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The literature dedicated to the problems of transboundary pollution often aims to verify what the environmental and energy interactions between countries are. Little attention is paid to the financial relations of the phenomenon. We analyze how financial, environmental and energy flows have been redistributed within the main Mediterranean countries, with particular reference to pollution. Applying advanced methods of correlation, we verify the dynamics of transfer processes with the aim of assessing whether the link between economic and financial and environmental flows might support the hypothesis that rich countries export environmental emissions to poor ones. Our results show that richer countries have a significant propensity to export energy, financial flows and polluting emissions. The imbalance is even greater for emissions with local impact. This process is accompanied by a substantial increase in the financial activities of the North Mediterranean countries to the detriment of those of the South, which progressively increase their indebtedness. We find out that the economic and financial development of the North Med is accompanied by an increasing environmental impact measured by the various types of emissions covered by our study. The research shows how the most industrialized countries of the Mediterranean area are increasing the economic and financial gap with respect to the Southern Mediterranean countries.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Energy and Environmental Flows: Do Most Financialised Countries within the Mediterranean Area Export Unsustainability?

2019

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“…Second, countries may be metacoupled (e.g., through trade between adjacent countries and between distant countries) 47 , and a shorter distance between sending and receiving countries plays a crucial role in increasing meat trade 6 . Distance has also been shown to be very important in the trade of other products 48,49 , as well as in other human activities such as global fishing 50 , tourism [51][52][53] , and flows of ecosystem services [54][55][56] . Third, income level and population size have been found to be important determinants of global meat trade 1,2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The spatial and temporal dynamics of global meat trade networks

Chung

Kapsar

Frank

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Rapid increases in meat trade generate complex global networks across countries. However, there has been little research quantifying the dynamics of meat trade networks and the underlying forces that structure them. Using longitudinal network data for 134 countries from 1995 to 2015, we combined network modeling and cluster analysis to simultaneously identify the structural changes in meat trade networks and the factors that influence the networks themselves. The integrated network approach uncovers a general consolidation of global meat trade networks over time, although some global events may have weakened this consolidation both regionally and globally. In consolidated networks, the presence of trade agreements and short geographic distances between pairs of countries are associated with increases in meat trade. Countries with rapid population and income growth greatly depend on meat imports. Furthermore, countries with high food availability import large quantities of meat products to satisfy their various meat preferences. The findings from this network approach provide key insights that can be used to better understand the social and environmental consequences of increasing global meat trade.

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“…As the economic links between regions continue to intensify through trades of various goods, the transboundary dependencies of production and consumption have become an increasingly important driver of environmental impacts, including land resource uses [8]. Linking the land resource use to the whole production chain and final consumption of various products and services offers a new perspective to understand and manage the environmental impact of anthropogenic activities [9,10,11]. Similar to water, energy, air pollution, and other issues [12,13,14,15], the accounting of land resources embedded into commodities in trades helps identify the displacement of land uses and appropriate responses of the resource consumption based on final consumption of inhabitants, and is; thus, useful in informing policymakers on the magnitude of external environmental burdens imposed by certain regions [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China’s Land Uses in the Multi-Region Input–Output Framework

Bao

Sun

2019

IJERPH

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The finite resource of land is subject to competing pressures from food demand, urbanization, and ecosystem service provision. Linking the land resource use to the whole production chain and final consumption of various products and services offers a new perspective to understand and manage land uses. This study conducted a systematic analysis of land uses at the provincial level in China using the multi-region input–output model in 2012. Land use patterns related to the sectoral production and consumption in different provinces were examined. The results indicated that the land use transfers between different provinces in China have formed a highly interacting network. Products and services involved in the inter-provincial trades in China contained 2.3 million km2 land uses, which constituted approximately 40% of the total national land uses that were finally consumed in China. Agriculture was the most direct land use intensive sector, and industry was the most indirect land use intensive sector. Land resource-scarce provinces with low per capita land availability have outsourced parts of their land uses by net importing lands from other provinces. The results have important policy implications towards sustainable land uses in China.

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Evolution of multiple global virtual material flows

Cited by 31 publications

References 43 publications

Energy and Environmental Flows: Do Most Financialised Countries within the Mediterranean Area Export Unsustainability?

Energy and Environmental Flows: Do Most Financialised Countries within the Mediterranean Area Export Unsustainability?

The spatial and temporal dynamics of global meat trade networks

China’s Land Uses in the Multi-Region Input–Output Framework

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