The spatial and temporal dynamics of global meat trade networks

Chung, Min Gon; Kapsar, Kelly; Frank, Kenneth A.; Liu, Jianguo

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73591-2

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The dynamics of the iFTN signify the increasing globalization of food trade through the evolution of node degree, node strength, link weight, and other topological properties [10]. Studies on such topics usually focus on the aggregate network of food trade [11,12] or one kind of goods, such as seafood [13][14][15], meat [16], or agro-food [12,17,18]. Over the past two decades, a number of researchers have studied the structure and evolution of iCTNs, including those of maize [19], wheat [3,6,20], and soybean [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Characteristics of the Weighted and Directed International Crop Trade Networks

Zhang

Zhou

2021

Entropy

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With increasing global demand for food, international food trade is playing a critical role in balancing the food supply and demand across different regions. Here, using trade datasets of four crops that provide more than 50% of the calories consumed globally, we constructed four international crop trade networks (iCTNs). We observed the increasing globalization in the international crop trade and different trade patterns in different iCTNs. The distributions of node degrees deviate from power laws, and the distributions of link weights follow power laws. We also found that the in-degree is positively correlated with the out-degree, but negatively correlated with the clustering coefficient. This indicates that the numbers of trade partners affect the tendency of economies to form clusters. In addition, each iCTN exhibits a unique topology which is different from the whole food network studied by many researchers. Our analysis on the microstructural characteristics of different iCTNs provides highly valuable insights into distinctive features of specific crop trades and has potential implications for model construction and food security.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Characteristics of the Weighted and Directed International Crop Trade Networks

Zhang

Zhou

2021

Entropy

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“…These higher rates are because many developing countries around the world exponentially relied on red and processed meat imports to meet their increased meat demands under rapid urbanization and income growth. 9 14 33 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These rapid increases are partly because many of these countries, such as Slovakia, Lithuania and Latvia, joined the European Union (EU) between 2003 and 2004, and regional trade agreements for goods among EU members greatly accelerated meat imports to these countries with economic benefits (e.g., tariff exemption). 9 38 39 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global red and processed meat trade and non-communicable diseases

Chung

Liu

2021

BMJ Glob Health

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IntroductionRapid increases in the trade of global red and processed meat impede international efforts toward sustainable diets by increasing meat consumption. However, little research has examined cross-country variations in diet-related non-communicable diseases (NCDs) because of meat trade. We aimed to examine the impact of red and processed meat trade on diet-related NCDs and to identify which countries are particularly vulnerable to diet-related NCDs due to red and processed meat trade.MethodsBy selecting 14 red meat and six processed meat items, we investigated bilateral meat trade flows across 154 countries. Then, we integrated health data and information on red and processed meat trade to quantify the country-specific burden of diet-related NCDs attributable to the meat trade using a comparative risk assessment framework.ResultsResults show that global increases in red and processed meat trade contributed to the abrupt increase of diet-related NCDs, and the attributable burden of diet-related NCDs had large geographical variations among countries. We also identified responsible exporting countries that increase diet-related NCD risks in importing countries. Over the period from 1993 to 2018, island countries in the Caribbean and Oceania were particularly vulnerable to diet-related NCD incidents and mortality due to large meat imports. In addition, countries in Northern and Eastern Europe have exceedingly increased attributable death and disability-adjusted life year rates via meat imports.ConclusionOur findings suggest that both exporters and importers must urgently undertake cross-sectoral actions to reduce the meat trade’s health impacts. To prevent unintended health consequences due to red and processed meat trade, future interventions need to integrate health policies with agricultural and trade policies by cooperating with both responsible exporting and importing countries.

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“…Secondly, the recent upturn in Amazon deforestation (Amigo 2020) has dramatically drawn attention again to the impact of permanent land cover changes and environmental degradation in the Brazilian Amazon. A third key factor is that Brazil is by far the largest soybean and livestock producer and trader among countries within the Amazon region (Chung et al 2020, Voora et al 2020. Furthermore, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could cattle ranching and soybean cultivation be sustainable? A systematic review and a meta-analysis for the Amazon

Bueno¹,

Marchetti²,

Cocozza³

et al. 2021

iForest

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Tropical forests are being destroyed to make space for agricultural activities with the assumption that they are required to feed the growing global population. Consequently, more sustainable practices are needed to guarantee food security and environmental protection of highly threatened natural biodiversity hotspots like the Amazon rainforest. Cattle ranching and soybean cultivation are by far the greater drivers of land use change and deforestation in the Amazon region. We performed a systematic review of papers related to these two main drivers and a meta-analysis on the effects of sustainable practices on different ecosystem services. The results of the review highlight a large concern about the negative impacts of cattle ranching and soybean crops on the ecosystem dynamics and functionality of the Amazon biome, in addition to the clear relationship with deforestation. Another relevant finding is the large gap in empirical research concerning the effects of sustainable practices on different ecosystem services. Such a gap is evident since only 13 studies from the initial database met the requirements for a meta-analysis. Of the 171 comparisons between the ecosystem services provided in conventional land-uses and those adopting sustainable practices, the overall model indicated a non-significant effect, although the results were heterogeneous. Crop yield and herbage biomass were negatively affected, while livestock productivity, soil organic carbon, soil fertility and woody biomass were positively affected. Also, the six sustainable practices evaluated showed different outcomes, from a predominance of positive effects in silvopastoral systems, to a predominance of negative effects on agrosilvicultural systems. Our systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that cattle ranching and soybean cultivation can indeed be conducted in a more sustainable way, enhancing the provision of ecosystem services while avoiding deforestation. In turn, our results also highlight the lack of empirical data and the need to standardize the methodologies used to deeply assess the effects of such practices. In conclusion, we suggest a way to advance research into the real effects of sustainable practices aimed at reducing the negative impacts of cattle ranching and soybean crops in the Amazon.

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The spatial and temporal dynamics of global meat trade networks

Cited by 18 publications

References 63 publications

Microstructural Characteristics of the Weighted and Directed International Crop Trade Networks

Microstructural Characteristics of the Weighted and Directed International Crop Trade Networks

Global red and processed meat trade and non-communicable diseases

Could cattle ranching and soybean cultivation be sustainable? A systematic review and a meta-analysis for the Amazon

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