Evolution of iron carbides during tempering of low-alloy tool steel studied with polarized small angle neutron scattering, electron microscopy and atom probe

Claesson, Erik; Magnusson, Hans; Kohlbrecher, J.; Thuvander, Mattias; Hedström, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.matchar.2022.112464

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…As a result, the RA measured by Feritscope ® is likely to be closer to the actual content by avoiding carbide interference. However, it is worth noting that carbides other than iron carbides, such as chromium carbides, could be paramagnetic and may hinder the final outcome of the magneto-inductive method [37,39]. However, the steel grade considered in the present study contains sufficiently low Cr and Mo content to not form a significant amount of carbide to affect the outcome of magneto-inductive measurements, and the fraction of iron carbide is expected to be higher than the rest of the carbides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…While the carbide fraction is considered insignificant enough to affect the results, it may still affect them when its fraction is comparable to retained austenite. Interestingly, several studies have reported that iron carbides are ferromagnetic [37,38]. Since the major fraction of carbides in steel is iron carbide, it is likely to join the ferromagnetic response by martensite to the secondary coil of Feritscope ® .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Retained Austenite in Carburized Bearing Steel Using Magneto-Inductive Method

Ionescu,

Pantawane,

Tănase

et al. 2023

Crystals

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The present work explores the magneto-inductive method to evaluate different levels of retained austenite content in carburized 20NiCrMo7 bearing steel while comparing the corresponding measurements by X-ray diffractometry and image analysis by optical microscope. The content of retained austenite in carburized 20NiCrMo7 steel was modified with additional tempering to yield three samples with distinct ranges of retained austenite profiles in the carburized region of the steel. The retained austenite measured at different depths in these samples using the magneto-inductive method had an outcome comparable to other methods. Further discussion based on data suggests that the magneto–induction method yields precise (with an average deviation of 0.5%) results with sufficient sensitivity at different levels (including below 5 vol. %.) of retained austenite.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%