Evolution of Heterogeneous Mixed Siliciclastic/Carbonate Aquifers Containing Metastable Sediments

Franco, Daniel; Coulibaly, Kapo; Kunberger, Tanya; Kinzli, Kristoph-Dietrich; Arbelaez, Sebastian; Missimer, Thomas M.

doi:10.1111/gwat.12529

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The metabolome of well H32 from 09/2014 to 03/2017 (consistent monitoring with mostly monthly sampling campaigns) revealed a highly variable composition, with more than 75% of the metabolite features significantly changing in intensity over time (Figure 2 patterns might be prototypic (Franco et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

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Groundwater metabolome responds to recharge in fractured sedimentary strata

Zerfaß

Lehmann

Ueberschaar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Understanding the sources, structure and fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in groundwater is paramount for protection and sustainable use of this vital resource. On its passage through the Critical Zone, DOM is subject to biogeochemical conversions. Therefore, it carries valuable cross-habitat information for monitoring and predicting the stability of groundwater ecosystem services and assessing these ecosystems’ response to fluctuations caused by external impacts such as climatic extremes. Challenges arise from insufficient knowledge on groundwater metabolite composition and dynamics due to a lack of consistent analytical approaches for long-term monitoring. Our study establishes groundwater metabolomics to decipher the complex biogeochemical transport and conversion of DOM. We explore fractured sedimentary bedrock along a hillslope recharge area by a 5-year untargeted metabolomics monitoring of oxic perched and anoxic phreatic groundwater. A summer with extremely high temperatures and low precipitation was included in the monitoring. Water was accessed by a sampling well-transect and regularly collected for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) investigation. Dimension reduction of the resulting complex data set by principal component analysis revealed that metabolome dissimilarities between distant wells coincide with transient cross-stratal flow indicated by groundwater levels. Time series of the groundwater metabolome data provides detailed insights into subsurface responses to recharge dynamics. We demonstrate that dissimilarity variability between groundwater bodies with contrasting aquifer properties coincides with recharge dynamics. This includes groundwater high- and lowstands as well as recharge and recession phases. Our monitoring approach allows to survey groundwater ecosystems even under extreme conditions. The metabolome was otherwise highly variable lacking seasonal patterns and did not segregate by geographic location of sampling wells, thus ruling out vegetation or (agricultural) land use as primary driving factor. Patterns that emerge from metabolomics monitoring give insight into subsurface ecosystem functioning and water quality evolution, essential for sustainable groundwater use and climate change-adapted management.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 55%

“…DOM dynamics might result from multidirectional flow dynamics within groundwater recharge areas (R. Lehmann & Totsche, 2020), supplying water and DOM from different sources, including sedimentary carbon. Such sediments are common in freshwater aquifers worldwide, and the observed patterns might be prototypic (Franco et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater metabolome responds to recharge in fractured sedimentary strata

Zerfaß

Lehmann

Ueberschaar

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The hydraulic conductivity of the sediment samples was determined using a standard constant‐head permeameter based on the methodology described by Wenzel () and Franco et al. () and following the American Society for Testing and Materials () standard D2434‐68. Sediment was added to the permeameter chamber in a dry state to facilitate removal of air in the pores.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immature beach/dune sands along a passive continental margin: Composition, grain size and hydraulic properties of coastal sands, Parque del Plata and Las Vegas, Uruguay

Missimer

Goso

Maliva³

et al. 2019

The Depositional Record

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The modal composition of sandstones has long been used as a tool for palaeotectonic and palaeoenvironmental analyses. Herein it is demonstrated that caution must be used when beach sand composition is utilized to assess tectonic provenances at both the local and continental scales. The occurrence of quartz arenites and compositionally mature sands along the coast of Brazil corresponds well to their passive margin location. However, modern sands from some beach locations in coastal Uruguay are less compositionally mature compared to the quartz arenites found in coastal Brazil. Along the beaches of Las Vegas and Parque del Plata, the composition of the beach and dune sands is impacted by the transport of continental outwash sediments derived from the Palaeozoic and Precambrian rocks in the interior to the beach by a low‐gradient stream, Arroyo Solis Chico, and the erosion of Pleistocene‐age formations that crop out on the beach and along an erosional scrap. The mean beach composition ratio of monocrystalline quartz to feldspar to rock fragments plus composite quartz grains is 67.5/8.0/24.5 compared to the ratio along the coast of Brazil at 86/4/10. The beach and coastal dunes environment studied is representative of about 35% of coastal Uruguay. At the smaller scale, changes in the textural properties of the beach and dune sands (grain‐size distribution and roundness) are caused by the addition of the sediment derived from erosion and stream transport. Porosity values show little influence and range between 0.35 and 0.36, but hydraulic conductivity is influenced to a greater degree, ranging from 18.5 to 31 m/day. Within one kilometre down‐drift of the river, the mean grain diameter and the mean hydraulic conductivity increase to the same values found in the up‐gradient area before influence of the sediment flux, due to the offshore transport of the finer sediment fraction during down‐gradient movement along the beach. The Arroyo Solis Chico area demonstrates that abrupt changes in composition and hydraulic properties can occur over short distances in sands deposited in passive margin environments. The potential for this local variability in sand composition and hydraulic properties should be considered in the analyses of ancient marine sandstones deposited in beach and coastal dunes environments.

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“…The beach sands collected from Lacosta Island, Florida originally contained carbonate sediments that were removed using acid to leave behind a very high percentage of quartz. These samples were used in another investigation of changes in sediment composition with time and the effects on porosity and hydraulic conductivity [7].…”

Section: Sediment Samples Analyzedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Measurement of Total Porosity in Unconsolidated Quartz Sand by Two Integrated Methods

Tm¹,

Om²

2018

J Geol Geophys

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Accurate measurements of porosity in unlithified sediments have long been difficult and subject to errors caused by inconsistent compaction in various laboratory methods. Two different methods, volumetric saturation and bulk density comparison, were used to measure the total porosity of 100 samples of well-sorted beach and dune sands. Five replicate measurements were made to determine the comparative precision and accuracy found within the two methods and how they compare to each other. The standard deviation of the 100 samples with 5 replicate measurements for the volumetric saturation measurement was 0.004 and with the bulk density comparative method was 0.003. Comparison of the total porosity measurements made using the different methods allows a determination to be made to ascertain if the sample meets the condition of monomineralic composition (close to 100% quartz sand) for accurate measurement using the bulk density comparison method. The comparative error maximum was set at 3% which resulted in 91 of the 100 samples meeting this criterion. A comparison of total porosity measurements of the 91 samples showed a mean error of 0.0638% which demonstrates the usefulness of using the two methods together to allow accurate measurement to be made and verified.

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Evolution of Heterogeneous Mixed Siliciclastic/Carbonate Aquifers Containing Metastable Sediments

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Groundwater metabolome responds to recharge in fractured sedimentary strata

Groundwater metabolome responds to recharge in fractured sedimentary strata

Immature beach/dune sands along a passive continental margin: Composition, grain size and hydraulic properties of coastal sands, Parque del Plata and Las Vegas, Uruguay

Laboratory Measurement of Total Porosity in Unconsolidated Quartz Sand by Two Integrated Methods

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